Natural formulations

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides an all natural composition comprising naturally-obtained plant extracts.

OWNERSHIP

The subject application is partially co-owned. The applicant of theinvention disclosed in the present application and claimed in claims1-94 is Y&B MOTHER'S CHOICE LTD. The applicants of the inventiondisclosed herein and claimed in claim 95 is Y&B MOTHER'S CHOICE LTD andYissum Research Development Company of the Hebrew University ofJerusalem Ltd.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention generally relates to all-natural formulations for avariety of applications.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Recent studies conducted by the U.S. environmental protection agency(EPA) revealed that human blood and lipid tissues contain up to 400hazards chemicals originating from cosmetics and food products. Thosechemicals may bring about various cancers and various chronic disorders.

Such studies have encouraged the development of “all-natural” cosmeticcompositions; however, to date, none of the available compositions,particularly those regarded as body soaps/shampoos, are 100% natural.Several of the products known today contain mainly syntheticingredients, with only a very small amount of natural ingredients. Otherproducts contain a higher percentage of natural ingredients, with somesynthetic materials, mainly synthetic stabilizers and preservatives.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,511,555 [1] discloses herbal hair treatmentcompositions, which include natural herbs; however, the main componentsin the examples are the synthetic surfactants monoethanolamine laurylsulfate and ethylene glycol monostearate.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,080,901 [2] discloses cosmetic compositions containingplant extracts; however, according to the examples only a small percentof the formulations are plant extracts, while the rest of the componentsare synthetics.

French Patent No. FR2730634 [3] discloses a formulation containing oneplant extract together with synthetic materials.

Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 6,475,476 [4] discloses compositions containingherbs together with synthetic soap ingredients.

REFERENCES

U.S. Pat. No. 4,511,555

[2] U.S. Pat. No. 5,080,901

[3] French Patent No. FR2730634

[4] U.S. Pat. No. 6,475,476

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

There is a long-felt need in the field of cosmetics and personal careand hygiene products for all-natural products which are devoid of thetoxicity associated with many of the synthetic preservatives and otherchemicals in use today.

Thus, in one aspect of the present invention, there is provided acomposition comprising a naturally-obtained saponin material, at leastone naturally-obtained thickening agent, at least one naturally-obtainedhumectant, at least one naturally-obtained preservative and at least onenaturally-obtained additive.

As may be realized, the composition of the invention is an “all-natural”composition wherein each of the components contained in the compositionis obtained from a natural source (plant or non-plant source, e.g.,animal source) in a substantially unmodified form, namely in the formwhich exists in the material natural origin. The components may beobtained from their natural source by way of extraction or other ways ofseparation. Thus, the components of the formulations of the inventionmay be organic or aqueous extracts and/or minerals and electrolytes, orfermentation products.

The composition of the invention may be formulated into a variety offormulations for different purposes, particularly as personal careformulations. The formulations may contain an acceptable carrier orexcipient, which is too obtained from a natural source. In someembodiments, the carrier is selected from water, pharmaceuticallyacceptable alcohols (e.g., ethanol) and polyols and pharmaceuticallyacceptable oils.

For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that the terms “composition”and “formulation” are used herein to denote products of the presentinvention. Each composition of the invention may be formulated into asuitable formulation based on the intended purpose.

The formulations are suitable for use on hair and skin, for deliveringcosmetic or therapeutic actives to the skin for providing cleansing,moisturizing, minimizing or treating skin imperfections, reducing skinoiliness, providing fragrance to the hair or skin and further providethe benefit of reliving skin dryness and signs of aging.

The formulations of the invention are, in some embodiments, topicallyapplied to the skin or hair. The formulations of the invention, unlessotherwise specifically indicated, are aimed at providing topicalnon-systemic effect.

The personal care formulations may be used in a conventional manner forcleansing and conditioning the hair and/or skin. The formulations may beapplied to the desired area of the skin in an amount sufficient toprovide the desired effect. The application of the formulation may bedirectly onto the skin or indirectly via the use of an implement such asa cosmetic puff, a washcloth, a patch, a sticker, a wipe or a sponge.

The formulations can therefore be in the form of liquid, semi-liquid,foam, cream, oil-in-water emulsion, water-in-oil emulsion, lotion or gelfor topical application to the hair or skin. Non-limiting examples ofsuch formulations, used in accordance with the present invention,include shampoo, shampoo gel, a conditioning shampoo, a hairconditioner, soap, a liquid soap, a body wash, a moisturizing body wash,a moisturizing cream, hair care cream or soap, intimate wash, aerosol, ashower gel, a skin cleanser, a cleansing milk, a makeup remover, hairand body wash, in shower body moisturizer, a pet shampoo, a shavingpreparation (shaving foam), toothpaste, mouthwash and deodorant.

As used herein, the “saponin material” is at least one naturallyobtained saponin compound, as known in the art. When isolated from anatural source, the at least one saponin may be used in itssubstantially pure form (namely at least 85%, 87%, 92%, 95%, or 98%purity), or may be used as a saponin-containing extract isolated by amethod known in the art or by a method of the invention, as disclosedherein.

In accordance with the present invention, the saponin-containing extract(herein referred to for the purpose of brevity as “saponin extract”)contains at least between 0.2% and 95 wt % saponins, out of the totalweight of the formulation or composition containing the extract. In someembodiments, the composition of the present invention comprises between0.2% and 99 wt % saponins. In some embodiments, the compositioncomprises between 0.2% and 5 wt %, or between 0.2% and 4 wt %, orbetween 0.2% and 3 wt %, or between 0.2% and 2 wt %, or between 0.2% and1 wt %.

In some embodiments, the extract used in accordance with the presentinvention comprises between 10% and 80 wt % saponins out of the totalweight of the dry content of the extract. In other embodiments, theextract used in accordance with the present invention comprises between10% and 60 wt % saponins out of the total weight of the dry content ofthe extract. In further embodiments, the extract used in accordance withthe present invention comprises between 10% and 50 wt % saponins out ofthe total weight of the dry content of the extract. In additionalembodiments, the extract used in accordance with the present inventioncomprises between 10% and 40 wt % saponins out of the total weight ofthe dry content of the extract. In still additional embodiments, theextract used in accordance with the present invention comprises between10% and 30 wt % saponins out of the total weight of the dry content ofthe extract. In some embodiments, the extract comprises substantiallypure saponins or between 95 and 100 wt %.

In some embodiments, the extract used in accordance with the presentinvention comprises between 10% and 20 wt % saponins out of the totalweight of the dry content of the extract.

In some embodiments, the extract used in accordance with the presentinvention comprises between 0.2% and 10 wt % saponins out of the totalweight of the dry content of the extract.

The saponin-containing extract may be obtained from any natural sourceknown to comprise saponins. Such natural source may be a plant source,some of which are detailed infra, and also from non-plant sources suchas animal sources and marine organisms, such as starfish and seacucumbers. In some embodiments of the invention, the saponins areextracted from a plant source, naturally grown or genetically modifiedto have high saponin content.

In some embodiments of the invention, the saponin material is obtainedby extraction from a plant source by employing water, alcohol or awater/alcohol solution. In some embodiments, the alcohol is ethanol ormethanol.

In some embodiments, the extraction is achieved by employing awater/alcohol solution. In some embodiments, the water/alcohol solutionhas a water:alcohol ratio of between 80:20 to 20:80. In furtherembodiments, the water/alcohol solution has a water:alcohol ratio ofbetween 60:40 to 40:60. In further embodiments, the water/alcoholsolution has a water:alcohol ratio of between 70:30 to 30:70. In furtherembodiments, the water/alcohol solution is 80:20 water/alcohol, 60:40water/alcohol, 50:50 water/alcohol, 40:60 water/alcohol ratio, 20:80water/alcohol, 70:30 water/ethanol or 30:70 water ethanol.

The extraction time may vary without limitation from 2 to 8 hours, at orabove room temperature (20° C.-30° C.), e.g., above 30° C., 40° C., 50°C. or 60° C. In some embodiments, the extraction is carried out at atemperature between 30° C. and 70° C.

In some embodiments, the saponin material is obtained from a plantsource. The plant source may be selected from shikakai, soy beans,beans, peas (Pisum sativum), lucerne, tea, spinach, sugar beet, quinoa,liquorice, sunflower, horse chestnut, ginseng, oats, capsicum peppers,aubergine, tomato seed, alliums, asparagus, yam, fenugreek, yucca andginseng, mung beans, Bupleurum falcatum, Camellia oleifera, Camelliasinensis Desmodium adscendens, Gypsophila, Panax quinqufolius, Panaxjaponicas, Quillaja saponaria, Sapindus delavayi, Sapindus mukorossi,Sapindus marginatus, Sapindus saponaria, Sapindus trifoliatus, Saponariaofficinalis, Styrax japonica, and Yucca schidigera or any mixturethereof. Any part of the plant may be used for extracting the saponinmaterial, including leaves, stems, roots, bulbs, blossom and fruit(including the skin, flesh and seed of the fruit).

In some embodiments, the saponin material is an extract of Camelliasinensis, Camellia oleifera, Saponaria officinalis, or Sapindusmukorossi or a mixture thereof.

In other embodiments, the saponin material is an extract of Camelliaoleifera, or Sapindus mukorossi or a mixture thereof.

In other embodiments, the saponin material is an extract of Sapindusmukorossi.

The saponin material obtained from a plant source, e.g., Camelliaoleifera, and/or Sapindus mukorossi, may be extracted as disclosedhereinbelow. In some embodiments, the extraction process comprising:treating the plant source in a water/alcohol solution under conditionspermitting extraction of the saponin material into the solution. Theso-extracted saponin containing material may optionally thereafter bepurified by any means known in the art, including: filtration,centrifugation, re-crystallization, distillation, adsorption,chromatographic methods, fractionation, etc.

In some embodiments, the plant source is first dried and ground beforebeing treated in the water/alcohol solution.

In some embodiments, the saponin material is extracted from a plantsource following a method comprising:

1. Treating the plant source in a 40:60 to 60:40 water:alcohol solutionfor a period of time and under conditions permitting extraction of thesaponin material from said plant source into said solution, as definedhereinabove;

2. optionally, drying said saponin-containing solution to obtain asaponin-containing solid material; and

3. optionally, purifying said saponin-containing solid material.

In some embodiments, the water:alcohol solution employed is about 50:50.

In some embodiments, the plant source is one or both of Camelliaoleifera and Sapindus mukorossi. In some embodiments, the plant sourceis Sapindus mukorossi and the saponin material is extracted from the nutshell. In other embodiments, the plant source is Camellia oleifera andin some embodiments the saponin material is extracted from the defattedseed meal of Camellia oleifera.

The at least one thickening agent is, according to some embodiments, apolysaccharide. In some embodiments, the polysaccharide is selected, ina non-limiting fashion, from xanthan gum (obtained by fermentation ofXanthomonas campestris), Tragacanth gum (which may be obtained from thedried sap of several species of Middle Eastern legumes of the genusAstragalus, including A. adscendens, A. gummifer, A. brachycalyx and A.tragacanthus), Carrageenan gum (Carrageenan being a cell wallhydrocolloid found in several species of seaweeds belonging to red algaeof the class: Rhodophyceae), Alginates (which may be extracted fromseaweed/Algea), Konjac gum (which may be obtained from konjac tree ofthe genus Amorphophallus), Agar-Agar (found in cell walls of agarophytered algae), gum Arabic (which may be obtained of hardened sap taken fromtwo species of the acacia tree: Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal), Guargum (a primary component of the ground endosperm of guar beans), Starch(plant extracts), Gellan gum (produced by Sphingomonas elodea), Pectin(mainly from citrus and apple extract), Cellulose (from a variety ofplants, tree pulp and cotton linters), Welan and Dituan gum (obtained byaerobic fermentation), Locust bean gum extract seeds of the carob tree,Dammar gum (obtained from the Dipterocarpaceae family of trees in Indiaand East Asia, principally those of the genera Shorea, Balanocarpus orHopea), Kauri gum (a fossilized resin detracted from kauri trees),Spruce gum (obtained from a the resin of spruce trees), gum fromFenugreek and gum anima (western or eastern).

In some embodiments, the at least one thickening agent isnaturally-obtained gum Arabic, guar gum, Konjac gum, tragacanth gum,xanthan gum and carrageenan.

In some embodiments, the composition of the invention comprises gumArabic and/or guar gum. In other embodiments, the composition comprisesKonjac gum and tragacanth gum. In further embodiments, the compositioncomprises xanthan gum and carrageenan.

In some embodiments, the amount of the at least one polysaccharide,e.g., gum Arabic, is in the range of 0.1 and 8 wt % out of the totalsolid weight of the composition. In other embodiments, the amount isbetween 0.1 and 4 wt %.

In some embodiments, the amount of Konjac mannan is in the range of 0.1to 5 wt % out of the total solid weight of the composition. In furtherembodiments, the amount is between 0.1 and 0.5 wt %.

In some embodiments, the amount of the guar gum is in the range of 0.1to 5 wt % out of the total solid weight of the composition. In otherembodiments, the amount is between 0.1 and 0.8 wt %.

In some embodiments, the amount of the tragacanth gum is in the range of0 to 5 wt % out of the total solid weight of the composition. In someembodiments, the amount is between 0.1 and 0.4 wt %.

In some embodiments, the amount of the xanthan gum is in the range of 0to 5 wt %. In other embodiments, the amount is between 0.1 and 0.5 wt %.

In some embodiments, the amount of the carrageenan is in the range of 0to 5 wt %. In further embodiments, the amount is between 0.1 and 0.5 wt%.

The at least one naturally-obtained humectant is a hygroscopic substanceselected amongst sugars and other polyols. Non-limiting examples of suchhumectants include fructose, mannose, sucrose, glucose, dextrose,trehalose, mannitol, lactose, rhamnose (which may be obtained from agreat verity of plant sources), sorbitol (which may be extracted, e.g.,from seaweed and various fruits such as grapes, cherries, plums, apples,apricots, peaches, dates) and honey extracts, glycol, diols and polyolssuch as vegetable glycerin, 1,2-butanediol, propylene glycol, ethanol(which may be obtained from plant extracts or via fermentation). Inaddition, betaine, natural urea, lactic acid and other alpha hydroxyacids (such as glycolic acid, citric acid, mandelic acid, tartaricacid), colloidal oat meal, Aloe vera, hyaluronic acid, Panthenol,pyroglutamic acid (PCA) and its salts, yeast and algea extract.

In some embodiments, in the composition of the invention, the at leastone humectant is selected from a polyol, e.g., sorbitol. In otherembodiments, the composition comprises ethanol and at least one polyol.The amount of the at least one polyol, e.g., sorbitol, may be in therange of 1 to 20 wt % out of the total solid weight of the composition.In some embodiments, the amount is 1 to 5 wt %.

Depending on the final application, the composition of the invention maycomprise one or more active or inert natural additives. The at least onenatural additive may be selected, in a non-limiting fashion, fromacyclic sesquiterpene oligoglycosides (ASOGs), betain, a surfactant, aco-surfactant, a polysaccharide, a phospholipid, a bio-surfactant (suchas Rhamnolipid), a moisturizer, an anti-irritation agent, ananti-oxidation agent, a mineral, a coloring agent, a perfume, a salt, anatural oil, and any combination thereof; wherein each of the aforesaidis naturally obtained.

In some embodiments of the invention, the composition comprises at leastone acyclic sesquiterpene oligoglycosides (ASOGs), which may be obtainedby extraction from the Sapindus species that are glycosides containingcarbohydrate and sugar residues, as well as from other sources.

In some embodiments, the composition comprises betaine,trimethylaminoacetate glycine, which may be obtained for example frombeets, broccoli and spinach. In some embodiments, the betaine isobtained from sugar beet. The amount of betaine in the composition maybe in the range of 0 to 10 wt %. In some embodiments, the amount isbetween 2 and 8 wt %. In further embodiments, the amount is between 4and 8 wt %.

In further embodiments, the composition of the invention may comprise atleast one natural surfactant or bio-surfactant such as polypeptides(which may be obtained from animal sources such as egg, milk, whey,silk, algae, fish, collagen, gelatin, Elastin, Keratin and othersources; from herbal sources—proteins such as Leguminosae and Phocaeaproteins obtained, for example, from pea, soy, chickpea, rice, wheat,peanut, quinoa, oat, lupine, and Secale cereal; or may be obtained byextracting beer, and hydrolyzed protein by fermentation), glycolipids,lipopeptides, phospholipids and fatty acids and polymeric compounds.

In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least onephospholipid. In some embodiments, the amount of the phospholipid isbetween 0 and 5 wt %. In further embodiments, the amount is between 0.5and 3 wt %.

In some embodiments, the at least one surfactant is a biosurfactant,such as surfactin, rhamnolipids, and sophorolipids. In some embodiments,the amount of the biosurfactant, e.g., rhamnolipids, is in the range of0 and 10 wt %. In further embodiments, the amount is between 0.5 and 4wt %. In still other embodiments, the amount is between 0.5 and 2 wt %.

In some embodiments, the biosurfactant is rhamnolipids.

The at least one surfactant/bio-surfactant may be used in combinationwith a co-surfactants/secondary surfactant. Such co-surfactants may beselected amongst cholesterol, phytosterol, bile salts, glycyrrhizin,salt of glycyrrhizinate (may be derived from licorice root or hopsextract (Humulus lupulus)).

The formulations of the invention may additionally contain at least onenaturally-obtained moisturizer which may be selected amongst oily ornon-oily agents. In some embodiments, the non-oily moisturizer isselected amongst natural urea, lactic acid (which may be produced byfermentation), and alpha hydroxy acids (which may be obtained fromfruits or from fermentation). The moisturizer may alternatively beselected from betaine, natural urea, lactic acid and other alpha hydroxyacids (such as glycolic acid, citric acid, mandelic acid, tartaricacid), colloidal oat meal, Aloe vera, hyaluronic acid, panthenol,pyroglutamic acid (PCA) and salts thereof, yeast and algae extracts andother hygroscopic materials. In other embodiments, the composition ofthe invention comprises at least one oily moisturizer selected amongstherbal essential, vegetable oils and triglycerides. non-limitingexamples of such include, almond oil, apricot oil, arachis oil, araganoil, avocado oil, babchi oil, calendula oil, cucumber oil, castor oil,chirongi oil, coconut oil, evening prime rose oil, grape seed oil, hazelnut oil, hemp seed oil, hippophae rhamnoides oil, jojoba oil, kaluanji(black cumin) oil, karanj seed oil, linseed oil, macadamia oil,meadowfoam oil, moringa oil, musk melon oil, malknagni oil, madhucaindiaca oil, neem oil, olive oil, olive oil, pomegranate oil, poppy oil,pumpkin oil, palm oil, sesame seed oil, sun flower oil, vegetablesqualane and squalane, walnut oil water melon oil, wheat germ oil, oilfrom eggs or yolk, jojoba wax, lanolin, bees wax, carnauba wax,candelilla wax, cocoa and animals wax/butter.

In some embodiments, the at least one natural moisturizer is Jojoba oil.In some embodiments, the amount of jojoba oil is in the range of 0 and 4wt %. In some embodiments, the amount is between 0.1 and 4 wt %. Infurther embodiments, the amount is between 0.1 and 0.5 wt %.

The at least one natural additive may also be selected amongstanti-irritation plant extracts such as Chamomile extract, bisabolol,Calendula extract, Witch hazel extract, Khella extract, Euphrasiaextract and amongst anti-oxidation plant extracts such as black currentextract, olive leaf extract, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin E(tocopherols), Wasabi extract, Lonicera extract and pomegranate extract.

In some embodiments, the at least one additive is a natural mineral suchas mud and clays. Generally speaking, the natural mineral may also beselected from Veegum (magnesium aluminum silicate), bentonite, Mica,Talk, Kaolin, and others.

In some embodiments, the composition comprises an inorganic salt andoxide of an atom selected from Na, K, Tin, Mg, Ca, Cr, Fe, Al, Co, Ni,Cu, Zn, Ag, Au, Pt, Zr, Ti, and Pb, with chloride, bromide, fluoride,iodide, sulfate and sulfite, sulphide, phosphate, silicate, hydroxide,carbonate, hydrocarbonate, acetate, gluconate, and propionate, the saltbeing for example NaCl, KCl, CaCl₂, MgSO₄ and others.

In some embodiments, the amount of the salt, e.g., NaCl, is in the rangeof 0 to 10 wt %. In some embodiments, the amount is between 0.5 and 2 wt%.

In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided anall-natural personal care formulation comprising a naturally-obtainedsaponin material, at least one naturally-obtained thickening agent, atleast one naturally-obtained humectant, at least one naturally-obtainedpreservative and at least one naturally-obtained additive, each of whichas defined herein.

In some embodiments, the personal care formulation is a cleansing liquidcomposition, which may be in the form of a liquid soap or shampoo, saidformulation comprising saponin, one or more of betaine, at least onephospholipid, sorbitol, gum Arabic, guar gum, at least one salt (such asNaCl), at least one preservative, perfume, and optionally at least oneoil.

In some embodiments, the personal care formulation further comprises oneor more of Konjac gum, tragacanth gum, rhamnolipids and jojoba oil.

In further embodiments, the personal care formulation further comprisesone or more of alga gel, xanthan gum and carrageenan.

In some embodiments, the saponin or any other surfactant may be inaccess in the final formulation.

The amount of the water in the natural liquid soap, cleaning compositionor shampoo is added to 100%.

In some embodiments, in the personal care formulation the saponinmaterial is an extract of Sapindus Mukorossi and/or an extract ofCamellia oleifera. In some embodiments, said saponin material beingobtained by extracting said plant material (Sapindus Mukorossi and/or anextract of Camellia oleifera) using a mixture of water/ethanol at aweight to weight ratio of between 40:60 to 60:40. In some embodiments,the water/ethanol mixture being at a weight to weight ratio of about50:50.

In further embodiments, the liquid cleansing formulation comprises anextract of Sapindus Mukorossi, an extract of Camellia oleifera or acombination thereof, betaine, or phospholipid or a combination thereof,at least one polyol, at least one polysaccharide, at least onepreservative, perfume and jojoba oil. The formulation may furthercomprise rhamnolipids (biosurfactant).

In some embodiments, the amount the extract of Sapindus mukorossi is inthe range of 0.2 to 10%, 0.2 to 9%, 0.2 to 8%, 0.2 to 7%, 0.2 to 6%, 0.2to 5%, 0.2 to 4%, 0.2 to 3%, 0.2 to 2%, 0.2 to 1%, or 2 to 30 wt %. Inother embodiments, the amount of each extract is between 5 and 30 wt %.In further embodiments, the amount is between 10 and 20 wt %. Stillfurther, the amount may be between 0.1% and 1 wt %.

In some embodiments, the amount of the extract of Camellia oleifera isin the range of 0 to 30 wt %. In other embodiments, the amount isbetween 0 to 10 wt %.

In some embodiments, the amount of the extract of Sapindus Mukorossi isin the range of 0.2 and 10 wt %, the amount of the extract of Camelliaoleifera is in the range of 0 to 30 wt %, the amount of betaine is inthe range 1 to 10 wt %, the amount of the at least one phospholipid isin the range of 0 to 5 wt %, the amount of the at least one humectant isin the range of 1 to 20 wt %, the amount of the rhamnolipids(biosurfactant) is in the range of 0 to 10 wt %, the amount of the atleast one polysaccharide is in the range of 0.1 and 8 wt % and theamount of the at least one preservative is in the range 0.1 to 5 wt %,the amount of the perfume is in the range 0.1 to 5 wt %, and the amountof the at least one humectant is in the range of 0 to 10 wt %.

In some embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of the saponinextract or saponin extracts (e.g., from Sapindus mukorossi and/or fromCamellia oleifera) to the at least one phospholipid is 1:0.05 to 1:0.5.

In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the one or more saponinextract(s) to said at least one phospholipid and said betaine is10.0:0.2:4.0.

In some embodiments, the formulations of the invention comprise at leastone sugar such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, galactose and thelike.

In some embodiments, the formulation of the invention further comprisesat least one perfume. The perfume may contain one or more essentialoils. The at least one essential oil may be selected in a non limitingfashion from the following essential oils: ambrette, angelica, anise,amyris, bay, bergamot, basil, bois-de-rose, cade, cajiput, camphor,cananga, java cassia, clary sage, curry, calamus, costus, carrot, cedarwood, cedar, cinnamon, citronella java, clove, cypress, cyperiol,chamomile blue, chamomile roman, davana, dill, elemi, eucalyptus,eucalyptus globules, frank incense, geranium, ginger grass, ginger lily,galangal, gurjam, grape fruit, jasminum, juniper berry, juniper, kapoorkatcheri, lavender, lemon, lemon grass, lemon melissa, lime, laurspearmint, lemon balm, litsea cubeba, mentha citrata, mentha piperata,mentha shivalik, mandarin, marjoram, mint, myrtle, nar kachur, neroli,niaouli, orange, sweet orange, oregano, bitter patchouli, petit grain,peppermint, pine, palma rosa, pimento berry, rose wood, rose marry,rosemary, sandal wood, spearmint, sugandh mantri (gandhi roots), spikenard, tarragon, tangerine, tea tree, thyme, thuja wood, tomar(zanthozylum), tagettues, vetiver, valerian, winter green, worm wood(gaultheria fragrantissim wall), ylang ylang, zadoeria and anycombination thereof.

In addition, or alternatively to the aforementioned essential oil, theformulation may comprise at least one additional plant extract selectedfrom wasabi, black currant, aspen bark, Lonicera species, and others. Insome embodiments, the amount of the perfume is in the range of 0.1 to 5wt %.

The formulation may further comprise at least one natural preservative,which may be one or more of an extract of anise, black currant, cinnamonor cinnamon oil, geranium or geranium oil, ginger or ginger oil, Indianginseng root, lavender, lemongrass, Magnolia acnibio, maritime pine,Mentha piperita, olive leaf, oregano, peppermint, elderberry, rosemary,tea tree, thyme and grapefruit. In some embodiments, the amount of theat least one preservative is in the range of 0.1 to 5 wt %.

The formulation may also comprise a natural extract, e.g., a plantextract from the one or more of the genus Lonicera, Populus, Salix andWasabia or combination thereof. It should be understood that the extractmay be an extract of more than one plant selected from Lonicera,Populus, Salix and Wasabia and that each plant may be selected from thesame genus or from a different genus. It should be further that thepresent invention further contemplates composition comprising mixturesof extract, whether prepared and formulated individually or prepared inone-pot from a mixture of plant sources (plant parts).

The genus “Lonicera” contains a group of arching shrubs or twining vinesin the family Caprifoliaceae that are commonly known as Honeysuckles.Known species include Lonicera periclymenum (European Honeysuckle orWoodbine), Lonicera japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle, White Honeysuckle,or Chinese Honeysuckle) and Lonicera sempervirens (Coral Honeysuckle,Trumpet Honeysuckle, or Woodbine Honeysuckle).

In some embodiments, the Lonicera extract is an extract of Lonicerapericlymenum (European Honeysuckle or Woodbine), Lonicera japonica(Japanese Honeysuckle, White Honeysuckle, or Chinese Honeysuckle) and/orLonicera sempervirens (Coral Honeysuckle, Trumpet Honeysuckle, orWoodbine Honeysuckle). In other embodiments, the Lonicera extract is anextract of Lonicera japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle, White Honeysuckle,or Chinese Honeysuckle).

The genus “Populus” comprises species of deciduous flowering plants inthe family Salicaceae. Species of this genus include aspen (e.g.,Populus adenopoda, Populus alba, Populus grandidentata, Populussieboldii, Populus tremula and Populus tremuloides), and cottonwood(e.g., Populus deltoids L., Populus fremontii and Populus nigra L.).

In some embodiments, the Populus extract is an extract of aspen (e.g.,Populus adenopoda, Populus alba, Populus grandidentata, Populussieboldii, Populus tremula and Populus tremuloides), and/or cottonwood(e.g., Populus deltoids L., Populus fremontii and Populus nigra L.). Inother embodiments, the Populus extract is an extract of aspen selectedfrom Populus adenopoda, Populus alba, Populus grandidentata, Populussieboldii, Populus tremula and Populus tremuloides. In otherembodiments, the extract is of Populus tremuloides.

The genus “Wasabia” belonging to the Brassicaceae family includes interalia the species Wasabia japonica, Wasabia koreana, Wasabia tetsuigi,Wasabia tenuis, Wasabia bracteata, Wasabia okinosimensis, Wasabiapungens, Wasabia thibeticum and Wasabia yunnanensis. In someembodiments, the Wasabia extract is an extract of Wasabia japonica,Wasabia koreana, Wasabia tetsuigi, Wasabia tenuis, Wasabia bracteata,Wasabia okinosimensis, Wasabia pungens, Wasabia thibeticum and/orWasabia yunnanensis. In other embodiments, the Wasabia extract is anextract of Wasabia japonica.

The genus “Salix” belonging to the Salicaceae family specificallyincludes the species Salix herbacea, Salix babylonica, Salix alba, Salixsepulcralis (weeping willow), and also includes inter alia the speciesSalix aegyptiaca, Salix alaxensis, Salix alba, Salix amplexicaulis,Salix amygdaloides, Salix ansoniana, Salix apennina, Salix apoda, Salixappendiculata, Salix arbuscula, Salix arctica, Salix argyracea, Salixarizonica, Salix armenorossica, Salix atrocinerea, Salix aurita, Salixbabylonica, Salix balfouriana, Salix barclayi, Salix bebbiana, Salixbicolor, Salix bikouensis, Salix bonplandiana, Salix boothii, Salixbrachycarpa, Salix breviserrata, Salix breweri, Salix burqinensis, Salixcaesia, Salix calcicola, Salix calliantha, Salix canariensis, Salixcandida, Salix cantabrica, Salix capensis, Salix capitata, Salix caprea,Salix capusii, Salix carmanica, Salix caroliniana, Salix caspica, Salixcavaleriei, Salix chaenomeloides, Salix cinerea, Salix cordata, Salixdelnortensis, Salix discolor, Salix drummondiana, Salix eastwoodiae,Salix eriocephala, Salix excelsa, Salix exigua, Salix fargesii, Salixfloderusii, Salix fluviatilis, Salix foetida, Salix fragilis, Salixgeyeriana, Salix gilgiana, Salix glabra, Salix glauca, Salixglaucosericea, Salix gooddingii, Salix gordejevii, Salix graciliglans,Salix gracilistyla, Salix hastata, Salix hegetschweileri, Salixhelvetica, Salix herbacea, Salix hookeriana, Salix humboldtiana, Salixhumilis, Salix hylematica, Salix integra, Salix irrorata, Salixjaponica, Salix jejuna, Salix jepsonii, Salix jessoensis, Salixkoreensis, Salix koriyanagi, Salix laevigata, Salix lanata, Salixlapponum, Salix lasiolepis, Salix lemmonii, Salix ligulifolia, Salixlinearistipularis, Salix longiflora, Salix longistamina, Salix lucida,Salix lutea, Salix magnifica, Salix matsudana, Salix maximowiczii, Salixmedwedewii, Salix melanopsis, Salix microstachya, Salix mielichhoferi,Salix miyabeana, Salix moupinensis, Salix mucronata, Salix muscina,Salix myricoides, Salix myrsinifolia, Salix myrsinites, Salixmyrtilloides, Salix neowilsonii, Salix nigra, Salix nivalis, Salixorestera, Salix paraplesia, Salix pauciflora, Salix pedicellata, Salixpellita, Salix pentandra, Salix petiolaris, Salix phlebophylla, Salixphylicifolia, Salix planifolia, Salix polaris, Salix prolixa, Salixpurpurea, Salix pyrenaica, Salix pyrifolia, Salix pyrolifolia, Salixrehderiana, Salix repens, Salix reptans, Salix reticulata, Salix retusa,Salix retusoides, Salix rorida, Salix rosmarinifolia, Salix sajanensis,Salix salviifolia, Salix schwerinii, Salix scouleriana, Salix sericea,Salix serissima, Salix serpyllifolia, Salix sessilifolia, Salixsitchensis, Salix siuzevii, Salix starkeana, Salix subopposita, Salixsubserrata, Salix suchowensis, Salix sungkianica, Salix taxifolia, Salixtenuijulis, Salix tetrasperma, Salix triandra, Salix turanica, Salixturfacea, Salix udensis., Salix uva-ursi, Salix variegata, Salixvestita, Salix viminalis, Salix vulpina, Salix waldsteiniana, Salixwallichiana, Salix wilhelmsiana, Salix wilsonii, Salix yezoalpina.

In some embodiments the extract of a species belonging to the Salixgenus is an extract of Salix alba. In some embodiments the extract of aspecies belonging to the Salix genus is extracted from the leaves and insome embodiments it is extracted from the bark of the plant.

The extract from the above identified plant sources may be obtained fromany part of the plant, including leaves, stems, roots, bulbs, blossomand fruit (including the skin, flesh and seed of the fruit).

In some embodiments, the formulation according to the inventioncomprises an extract from the nut of Sapindus mukorossi, the seed mealof Camellia oleifera, the flower and buds of Lonicera japonica, the rootof Wasabia japonica, or the bark of Populus tremuloides or a combinationthereof.

In some embodiments, the formulation according to the inventioncomprises an extract from the nut of Sapindus mukorossi, the seed mealof Camellia oleifera, the flower and buds of Lonicera japonica, the rootof Wasabia japonica, the bark of Salix alba or a combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the formulation according to the inventioncomprises an extract from the nut of Sapindus mukorossi, the seed mealof Camellia oleifera, the flower and buds of Lonicera japonica, the rootof Wasabia japonica, the bark of Populus tremuloides, the bark of Salixalba or a combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the formulation according to the inventioncomprises an extract from the nut of Sapindus mukorossi.

In some embodiments, the formulation according to the inventioncomprises an extract from the seed meal of Camellia oleifera.

In some embodiments, the formulation according to the inventioncomprises an extract from the flower and buds of Lonicera japonica.

In some embodiments, the formulation according to the inventioncomprises an extract from the root of Wasabia japonica.

In some embodiments, the formulation according to the inventioncomprises an extract from the bark of Populus tremuloides.

In other embodiments, each of the plant extracts is obtainedcommercially.

In some embodiments, the composition of the invention comprises asaponin material and at least one extract selected from Lonicerajaponica, Populus tremuloides and Wasabia japonica.

In an embodiment of the invention, propionic acid is added to thepreservative composition.

In some embodiments, the personal care formulation in accordance withthe invention comprises an extract of Sapindus mukorossi, and/or anaqueous extract of Camellia oleifera or a combination thereof, betaineor at least one phospholipid or a combination thereof, sorbitol, gumArabic, Konjac mannan, guar gum, NaCl, tragacanth gum, Rhamnolipids,jojoba oil, at least one preservative, a perfume and water.

In some embodiments, the formulation comprises an extract of Sapindusmukorossi, and/or an aqueous extract of Camellia oleifera or acombination thereof, betaine, sorbitol, gum Arabic, guar gum, NaCl, atleast one preservative, a perfume and water.

In further embodiments, the formulation comprises an extract of Sapindusmukorossi, and/or an aqueous extract of Camellia oleifera or acombination thereof, at least one phospholipid, sorbitol, gum Arabic,guar gum, NaCl, at least one preservative, a perfume and water.

In further embodiments, the formulation comprises an extract of Sapindusmukorossi, and/or an aqueous extract of Camellia oleifera or acombination thereof, at least one phospholipid, betaine, sorbitol, gumArabic, guar gum, NaCl, at least one preservative, a perfume and water.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquidshampoo formulation comprising water and each of the followingingredients:

-   -   Sapindus mukorossi fruit extract (Sapindus extract)    -   Camellia oleifera seed extract (Camellia extract)    -   Glycerin (Vegetable glycerin)    -   Xanthan gum (Xanthomonas)        -   (fermentation)    -   Betaine (Sugar beet extract)    -   Lecithin (Soy or egg extract)    -   Aspen bark extract (Aspen bark extract)    -   Natural Fragrance (Plants extract)    -   Almond oil (optional) (Almond plant)    -   Jojoba oil (optional) (Jojoba plant)    -   Squalene (optional) (Olive oil extract)    -   Lanolin (optional) (Extract from wool)

In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquidshampoo formulation comprising water and each of the followingingredients:

-   -   Sapindus mukorossi fruit extract (Sapindus extract)    -   Camellia oleifera seed extract (Camellia extract)    -   Carrageenan (Seaweeds extract)    -   Veegum (Natural clay)    -   Colloidal oatmeal (Oatmeal extract)    -   Lecithin (Soy or egg extract)    -   Aspen bark extract (Aspen bark extract)    -   Natural fragrance (Plants extract)    -   Jojoba oil (Jojoba extract)    -   Squalene (Olive oil extract)    -   Betaine (optional) (Sugar beet extract)    -   Glycerin (optional) (Vegetable glycerin)    -   Sorbitol (optional) (Fruit extract)    -   Honey (optional) (Honey extract)

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquidshampoo formulation comprising water and each of the followingingredients:

-   -   Sapindus mukorossi fruit extract (Sapindus extract)    -   Camellia oleifera seed extract (Camellia extract)    -   Glycerin (Vegetable glycerin)    -   Sorbitol (Fruit extract)    -   Betaine (Sugar beet extract)    -   Carrageenan (Seaweeds extract)    -   Aspen bark extract (Aspen bark extract)    -   Natural fragrance (Plants extract)    -   Jojoba oil (Jojoba extract)    -   Squalene (Olive oil extract)    -   Lechitin (Soy extract)    -   Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice (Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice)    -   Urea    -   Colloidal oatmeal (Oat meal extract)    -   Veegum (Natural clay)    -   Bentonite (Natural clay)

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquidshampoo formulation comprising water and each of the followingingredients:

-   -   Sapindus mukorossi fruit extract (Sapindus extract)    -   Camellia oleifera seed extract (optional) (Camellia extract)    -   Saponaria officinalis root extract (optional) (Saponaria        extract)    -   Rhamnolipids (optional) (P. aeruginosa extract)    -   Honey (optional) (Honey extract)    -   Sorbitol (optional) (Fruit extract)    -   Glycerol (optional) (Vegetable glycerin)    -   Lactic acid (optional) (Milk acid)    -   Betaine (optional) (Sugar beet extract)    -   Taurocholate (optional) (Bile salt)    -   Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice (optional) (Aloe Barbadensis Leaf        Juice)    -   Carrageenan (Seaweeds extract)    -   Xanthan gum (Xanthomonas fermentation)    -   Veegum (Natural Clay)    -   Lecithin (Soy or egg extract)    -   Colloidal oatmeal (optional) (Oatmeal extract)    -   Natural fragrance (Plants extract)    -   Aspen bark extract (Aspen bark extract)    -   Jojoba oil (optional) (Jojoba plant)    -   Squalene (optional) (Olive oil extract)

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquidshampoo formulation comprising water and each of the followingingredients:

-   -   Sapindus extract    -   Camellia extract    -   Sorbitol    -   Xanthan gum    -   Lecithin (optional)    -   Natural Fragrance    -   Aspen bark extract    -   Almond oil (optional)    -   Jojoba oil (optional)    -   Squalene (optional)    -   Chamomile CO₂ extract (optional)    -   Chamomile water extract (optional)

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a facialcleansing formulation comprising water and each of the followingingredients:

-   -   Sapindus extract    -   Ethanol (optional)    -   Sorbitol (optional)    -   Carrageenan    -   Xanthan Gum (optional)    -   Veegum (optional)    -   Betaine (optional)    -   Aspen bark extract    -   Natural Fragrance    -   Jojoba oil (optional)

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a facialcream formulation comprising water and each of the followingingredients:

-   -   Sapindus extract    -   Xanthan Gum    -   Carrageenan    -   Veegum    -   Aspen bark extract    -   Sorbitol    -   Shea Butter    -   Jojoba oil    -   Almond oil    -   Lecithin    -   Candelilla wax (optional)    -   Beeswax    -   Rice Starch

In another aspect, the invention provides a method of extractingsaponins from a saponin source (a plant source such as SapindusMukorossi and Camellia oleifera) using an alcohol/water solvent system.

In some embodiments, the extraction process comprising: treating thesaponin source in a water/alcohol solution under conditions permittingextraction of the saponin containing material into the solution. Theso-extracted saponin containing material may subsequently be purified byany means known in the art, including: filtration, centrifugation,re-crystallization, distillation, adsorption, chromatographic methods,fractionation, etc.

In some embodiments, the saponin material is extracted from a plantsource following a method comprising:

-   -   1. Treating the plant source in a 40:60 to 60:40 water:alcohol        solution for a period of time and under conditions permitting        extraction of the saponin material from said plant source into        said solution to obtain a solution of a saponin material;    -   2. Optionally evaporating said solution to obtain a solid        saponin material; and    -   3. Optionally, purifying said solid saponin material.

As used herein, the “saponin-containing” solution or material comprisesat least 0.2 wt % saponin compounds.

According to some embodiments, the extraction method is carried out bycontacting the plant source, e.g., Camellia oleifera and Sapindusmukorossi with a 40:60 to 60:40 water/alcohol (e.g., ethanol) solutionover a period of 2 to 8 hours. The extraction proceeds at roomtemperature (20° C. to 30° C.) and may be hastened by increasing thetemperature above room temperature. In some embodiments, the extractionis carried out at a temperature above 30° C., 40° C., 50° C. or 60° C.In some embodiments, the extraction is carried out at a temperaturebetween 30° C. and 70° C.

In some embodiments of the invention, the extraction solution is 50:50water/ethanol. In further embodiments, the extraction is conducted forabout 4 to 6 hours.

In some embodiments, the plant source is one or both of Camelliaoleifera and Sapindus mukorossi. In some embodiments, the plant sourceis Sapindus mukorossi and the saponin material is extracted from the nutshell. In other embodiments, the plant source is Camellia oleifera andthe saponin material is extracted from the defatted seed meal.

The saponin material (extract) obtainable by the above process of theinvention has been found to be superior to saponin extracts obtained byother process of extraction as disclosed hereinbelow. For example, thesaponin extract of the invention exhibits low surface tension and thebest foaming ability, comparable only to a synthetic foaming agent, asexemplified hereinbelow. This characteristic, being essential in theformulation of personal care products, renders the use of the extract ofthe invention commercially important.

The novel saponin material of the invention may be used as a rawmaterial in the manufacture of a variety of formulations, including:preservative formulations, disinfectant formulations, cosmeticformulations, therapeutic formulations, food additive formulations, andothers.

In another aspect of the invention, there is provided a saponin-richfraction obtainable from a plant source, e.g., Sapindus mukorossi, thefraction being characterized by having one or more of the saponinmolecules which molecular weight and formula is listed in the tablebelow:

Retention Time Measured Atomic composition (TIC), min mass of [M − H]⁻22.49, 22.86 1015.4620 C₄₅H₇₅O₂₅ 22.60, 22.89, 23.27 1147.5026 C₅₀H₈₃O₂₉22.38, 22.90 1277.5641 C₅₆H₉₃O₃₂ 23.04, 26.05 1161.5203 C₅₁H₈₅O₂₉ 23.07,25.91 1259.4937 C₆₅H₇₉O₂₅ 23.18, 24.30 853.4085 C₃₉H₆₅O₂₀ 23.24 985.4514C₄₄H₇₃O₂₄ 23.70, 23.88 1243.4983 C₆₅H₇₉O₂₄ 24.24 1163.5364 C₅₁H₈₇O₂₉24.34, 25.7, 27.5, 1203.5301 C₅₃H₈₇O₃₀ 27.8, 28.3, 28.9 25.1, 26.4,26.99 1187.5352 C₅₃H₈₇O₂₉ 24.9, 25.04 1159.5029 C₅₁H₈₃O₂₉ 25.421205.5422 C₅₃H₈₉O₃₀ 25.76, 27.11, 27.65, 1043.4918 C₄₇H₇₉O₂₅ 27.9 23.04,26.0 1161.5186 C₅₁H₈₅O₂₉ 26.05, 27.36, 27.6, 1189.5522 C₅₃H₈₉O₂₉ 28.126.13, 26.61, 26.89 1041.4762 C₄₇H₇₇O₂₅ 24.51, 24.86, 26.25, 1173.5198C₅₂H₈₅O₂₉ 26.78, 27.16 26.79 1201.5125 C₅₃H₈₅O₃₀ 24.97, 25.15, 26.35,1285.5087 C₆₇H₈₁O₂₅ 27.0 27.17 707.3495 C₃₃H₅₅O₁₆ 27.70 1337.6369C₆₃H₁₀₁O₃₀ 28.10 691.3550 C₃₃H₅₅O₁₅ 26.5, 27.0, 27.7, 28.3, 1229.5438C₅₅H₈₉O₃₀ 28.5, 29.0, 29.5, 29.7, 30.2 28.7, 29.2, 29.9, 30.5, 1271.5555C₅₇H₉₁O₃₁ 31.1, 31.6, 31.8, 32.4 27.93, 28.47, 29.12, 1085.5017C₄₉H₈₁O₂₆ 29.35, 30.19, 30.72 29.6, 29.79, 30.74 1245.5395 C₅₅H₈₉O₃₁30.35, 30.65, 31.7, 1285.5344 C₅₇H₈₉O₃₂ 31.9 31.11, 31.6, 32.23,1313.5664 C₅₉H₉₃O₃₂ 33.3 30.0, 31.25 1273.5703 C₅₇H₉₃O₃₁ 31.39, 32.27,32.61 1127.5128 C₅₁H₈₃O₂₇ 31.81, 33.09 1287.5518 C₅₇H₉₁O₃₂ 33.67, 34.76,35.82, 1355.5768 C₆₁H₉₅O₃₃ 37.02 38.8-39.2 941.5156 C₄₁H₈₁O₂₃ 39.371071.5739 C₅₄H₈₇O₂₁ 39.53, 39.95 953.131 C₄₉H₇₇O₁₈ 40.2, 40.7, 41.1,41.7, 863.4821 C₄₆H₇₁O₁₅ 43.1 42.73 603.3905 C₃₅H₅₅O₈

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS EXAMPLES Example 1 Novel SaponinMaterial

Extraction of Sapindus mukorossi by Ethanol/Water Mixtures Determinationof Foaming and Surface Tension Properties

Experiment A: 100 grams of dried pericarp of Sapindus mukorossi weredipped in 1000 ml distilled water in a mechanical stirrer, over night,at room temperature. The solution was filtered through Whatman 1,(Qualitative 110 mm ∅×100 circles). The water mixture was expelled bySpray Dryer (SD-05, LabPlant, UK, pump rate: 0.01, inlet temperature120° C., powdered temperature 70° C. and a white-brown powder wasobtained. In order to measure the surface tension, the dry powder wasdissolved in distilled water to form a concentration of 1 wt %. The sameprocedure was repeated with various ethanol/water mixtures.

Surface tension measurements were performed with an MGW-Laudatensiometer (Lauda, Königshofen, Germany) equipped with a platinumplate. Each data point corresponds to the average of three measurementsafter a sufficient rest for equilibration. The same procedure wasrepeated with various ethanol/water mixtures.

The surface tension was measured and the results were as described inTable 1:

TABLE 1 Surface tension for the various ethanol/water extractionproducts water/ethanol surface tension mixture (mN/m) 100:0  43 80:20 4860:40 44 50:50 36 40:60 35 20:80 39.5  0:100 40Foaming properties of a solution of 1 wt % of the extract of theinvention in water were measured by shaking 10 ml of the solution fivetimes in a 100 ml covered glass cylinder. The volume of the generatedfoam was measured. Another method for measuring the foaming wasperformed by Moulinex LM240 blender at a maximum speed of 10 seconds for80 ml solution. The generated foam was transferred to glass cylinder andmeasured. The same procedure was repeated with extracts obtained byvarious ethanol/water mixtures.

It was further found that a decrease in the surface tension led to anincrease in the foaming ability and stability. The lowest surfacetension was obtained when the plants were extracted by 60 wt % ofethanol and 40 wt % water or 50 wt % of ethanol and 50 wt % water.

TABLE 2 Foaming as a function of the water/ethanol mixture water/ethanolmixture Foam by blender (ml) 100/0  230 (±6) 50/50 265 (±7) 80/20  220(±10)

As may be noted from Table 2, the extract of the invention demonstratedeven better foaming properties as compared to extracts obtained from thesame plant source by similar methods.

Experiment B: 100 grams of dried pericarp of Sapindus Mukorossi weredipped in 400 ml water/ethanol 100:0 (only water), 80:20, 30:70, 60:40,50:50, 40:60, 70:30, 20:80 or 0:100 (ethanol 200 proof) (wt %/wt %) in ashaker (Innova 4000 incubator shaker, New Brunswick scientific, Edison,N.J. USA, rpm 183), for two hours. The shaker was heated to 60° C. Thesolution was filtered through Whatman 1, (Qualitative 110 mm ∅×100circles). Then, the water mixture was expelled by Spray Dryer (SD-05,LabPlant, UK, pump rate: 0.01, inlet Temperature 120° C., powdered Temp70° C.), and white-brown powdered was obtained.

Experiment C: 100 grams of dried pericarp of Sapindus Mukorossi weredipped in 400 ml water/ethanol 50:50 (wt %/wt %) in a shaker (Innova4000 incubator shaker, New Brunswick scientific, Edison, N.J. USA, rpm183), for two, four or six hours. The shaker was heated to 60° C. Thesolution was filtered through Whatman 1, Qualitative 110 mm ∅×100circles). Then, the water mixture was expelled by Spray Dryer (SD-05,LabPlant, UK, pump rate: 0.01, inlet temperature 120° C., powdered Temp70° C.), and white-brown powdered was obtained. The yield was measuredat between 17 and 31%.

Experiment D: 100 grams of a seed cake of Camellia oleifera were dippedin 400 ml water/ethanol 50:50 (wt %/wt %) in a shaker (Innova 4000incubator shaker, New Brunswick scientific, Edison, N.J. USA, rpm 183),for two, four or six hours. The shaker was heated to 60° C. The solutionwas filtered through Whatman 1, Qualitative 110 mm ∅×100 circles). Then,the water mixture was expelled by Spray Dryer (SD-05, LabPlant, UK, pumprate: 0.01, inlet temperature 120° C., powdered Temp 70° C.), andwhite-brown powdered was obtained. The yield was measured at between 17and 22%.

The chemical composition of the saponin extract of the invention wasevaluated as follows. HPLC analysis was performed on Accela High SpeedLC system (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.) which consisted of AccelaPump, Accela Autosampler and Accela PDA detector.

Accela LC system was coupled with the LTQ Orbitrap Discovery hybrid FTmass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.) equipped with anelectrospray ionization ion source. Mass spectrometer was operated inthe negative ionization mode, ion source parameters were as follows:spray voltage 3.5 kV, capillary temperature 250° C., capillary voltage−35 V, source fragmentation was disabled, sheath gas rate (arb) 30, andauxiliary gas rate (arb) 10. Mass spectra were acquired in the m/z 200to 2000 Da range.

The LC-MS system was controlled and data were analyzed using Xcalibursoftware (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.).

The chemical composition of a fraction of the saponin extract of theinvention is listed in Table 3 below:

TABLE 3 The chemical composition of a saponin extract according to thepresent invention Retention Time (TIC), Measured Atomic composition minmass of [M − H]⁻ 22.49, 22.86 1015.4620 C₄₅H₇₅O₂₅ 22.60, 22.89, 23.271147.5026 C₅₀H₈₃O₂₉ 22.38, 22.90 1277.5641 C₅₆H₉₃O₃₂ 23.04, 26.051161.5203 C₅₁H₈₅O₂₉ 23.07, 25.91 1259.4937 C₆₅H₇₉O₂₅ 23.18, 24.30853.4085 C₃₉H₆₅O₂₀ 23.24 985.4514 C₄₄H₇₃O₂₄ 23.70, 23.88 1243.4983C₆₅H₇₉O₂₄ 24.24 1163.5364 C₅₁H₈₇O₂₉ 24.34, 25.7, 27.5, 27.8, 1203.5301C₅₃H₈₇O₃₀ 28.3, 28.9 25.1, 26.4, 26.99 1187.5352 C₅₃H₈₇O₂₉ 24.9, 25.041159.5029 C₅₁H₈₃O₂₉ 25.42 1205.5422 C₅₃H₈₉O₃₀ 25.76, 27.11, 27.65, 27.91043.4918 C₄₇H₇₉O₂₅ 23.04, 26.0 1161.5186 C₅₁H₈₅O₂₉ 26.05, 27.36, 27.6,28.1 1189.5522 C₅₃H₈₉O₂₉ 26.13, 26.61, 26.89 1041.4762 C₄₇H₇₇O₂₅ 24.51,24.86, 26.25, 1173.5198 C₅₂H₈₅O₂₉ 26.78, 27.16 26.79 1201.5125 C₅₃H₈₅O₃₀24.97, 25.15, 26.35, 27.0 1285.5087 C₆₇H₈₁O₂₅ 27.17 707.3495 C₃₃H₅₅O₁₆27.70 1337.6369 C₆₃H₁₀₁O₃₀ 28.10 691.3550 C₃₃H₅₅O₁₅ 26.5, 27.0, 27.7,28.3, 28.5, 1229.5438 C₅₅H₈₉O₃₀ 29.0, 29.5, 29.7, 30.2 28.7, 29.2, 29.9,30.5, 31.1, 1271.5555 C₅₇H₉₁O₃₁ 31.6, 31.8, 32.4 27.93, 28.47, 29.12,29.35, 1085.5017 C₄₉H₈₁O₂₆ 30.19, 30.72 29.6, 29.79, 30.74 1245.5395C₅₅H₈₉O₃₁ 30.35, 30.65, 31.7, 31.9 1285.5344 C₅₇H₈₉O₃₂ 31.11, 31.6,32.23, 33.3 1313.5664 C₅₉H₉₃O₃₂ 30.0, 31.25 1273.5703 C₅₇H₉₃O₃₁ 31.39,32.27, 32.61 1127.5128 C₅₁H₈₃O₂₇ 31.81, 33.09 1287.5518 C₅₇H₉₁O₃₂ 33.67,34.76, 35.82, 37.02 1355.5768 C₆₁H₉₅O₃₃ 38.8-39.2 941.5156 C₄₁H₈₁O₂₃39.37 1071.5739 C₅₄H₈₇O₂₁ 39.53, 39.95 953.131 C₄₉H₇₇O₁₈ 40.2, 40.7,41.1, 41.7, 43.1 863.4821 C₄₆H₇₁O₁₅ 42.73 603.3905 C₃₅H₅₅O₈Sapindus extract Composition

The extracted powder of Sapindus mukorossi was further analyzed toidentify its components.

The saponins and glycosides were analyzed by HPLC and LC-MS. The HPLC(Surveyor, Thermo, Calif., USA) was configured using Luna 5μ C18 (2)100A (Phenomenex 00G-4252-E0). Saponins and glycosides were eluted from16% acetonitrile and 84% water to 84% acetonitrile and 16% water with a60-minute gradient. The flow rate was of 1 mL/minutes. Accela LC systemwas coupled with the LTQ Orbitrap Discovery hybrid FT mass spectrometer(Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.) equipped with an electrospray ionizationion source. Mass spectrometer was operated in the negative ionizationmode, ion source parameters were as follows: spray voltage 3.5 kV,capillary temperature 250° C., capillary voltage −35 V, sourcefragmentation was disabled, sheath gas rate (arb) 30, and auxiliary gasrate (arb) 10. Mass spectra were acquired in the m/z 200 to 2000 Darange. The LC-MS system was controlled and data were analyzed usingXcalibur software (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.).

Saponins and glycosides content and identification: HPLC and LC-MSstudies showed that the main glycosides present in the Sapindusmukorossi extract were saponins derived from the triterpenes hederageninand oleanolic acid, as well as acyclic sesquiterpene oligoglycosides(ASOG's). In the extract obtained from 50:50 wt % water/ethanol, thesaponins content was 20 wt % (+10%), and the ASOG's content was 25 wt %(+10%). This saponin-rich extract is an extract according to theinvention.

Example 2 Evaluations of Sapindus mukorossi Extract Concentrations inWater

(I) Sapindus mukorossi Extract 5 wt %

A cleansing composition: 5 grams of an extract powder from SapindusMukorossi dispersed in 100 ml distilled water and mixed at roomtemperature until a clear solution was formed. The extractionsconditions was: extraction by ethanol/water 50:50 v %/v % at 60° C., thenuts/extraction solvent ratio 1:4, for 6 hours) and 0.5 ml NaHCO₃ 1Mwere added to the final extract.

Foaming—solution of 1 wt % of the extract in water was shaken five timesin a glass cylinder as described above. The volume of the generated foamwas measured. Another method for measuring the foaming was performed byMoulinex LM240 blender at a maximum speed of 10 seconds for 80 mlsolution and measured in a glass cylinder, and the foaming results aredetailed in Table 4 below.

(II) Sapindus mukorossi Extract 10 wt %

10 grams of extract powder from Sapindus mukorossi (extraction byethanol/water 50:50 wt %/wt % at 60° C., nuts/extraction solvent 1:4,for 6 hours,) and 1 ml of NaHCO₃ 1M were dispersed in 100 ml distilledwater and mixed at room temperature until a clear solution was formed.The foaming was evaluated as mentioned above, and the foaming resultsare detailed in Table 4 below.

(III) Sapindus mukorossi extract 15 wt %

15 grams of extract powder from Sapindus Mukorossi (extraction by 50 wt% ethanol and 50 wt % water, 60° C. the nuts/extraction solvent 1:4, for6 hours) and 1.5 ml of NaHCO3 1M were dispersed in 100 ml distilledwater and mixed at room temperature until clear solution was formed. Thefoaming was evaluated as mentioned above, and the foaming results aredetailed in Table 4 below.

(IV) Sapindus mukorossi Extract 20 wt %

20 grams of extract powder from Sapindus mukorossi (extraction by 50 wt% ethanol and 50 wt % water, 60° C., nuts/extraction solvent 1:4, for 6hours) and 1.5 ml of NaHCO₃ 1M were dispersed in 100 ml distilled waterand mixed at room temperature until clear solution was formed. Thefoaming was evaluated as mentioned above, and the foaming results aredetailed in Table 4 below.

TABLE 4 Foaming as a function of Sapindus mukorossi extractconcentration Foam volume Foam volume by Formulation by shaking (ml)blender (ml)  5 wt % Sapindus mukorossi extract 40 (±1) 227 (±7) 10 wt %Sapindus mukorossi extract 40 (±4) 270 (±7) 15 wt % Sapindus mukorossiextract 46 (±4)  350 (±10) 20 wt % Sapindus mukorossi extract 50 (±4) 390 (±10)

As the results indicate, all four formulations tested exhibited foamingnecessary for certain formulations in accordance with the invention.

Example 3 Evaluations of Saponin Extract from Different Plants

In order to compare the foaming ability of the extract of the inventionto commercially available saponins and to saponins obtained by methodsdifferent from that of Example 1 above, 1 wt % of calculated saponinsfrom the plants: Sapindus mukorossi, Soy (Jieliang Extract LTD, China),Yucca (Sinerga, Italia), Fenugreek (Natural Remedies, India), tribulus(Natural Remedies, India), and Quillaja (Desert King, Chile), andsynthetic surfactant; decyl glycoside (Cognis, Germany) were dispersedin 100 grams distilled water and mixed at room temperature until clearsolution was formed (Soy, Fenugreek and tribulus are not well soluble).The foaming was evaluated as mentioned above, and the foaming resultsare detailed in Table 5 below.

TABLE 5 Foaming as a function of the saponin extracts from differentplants Foam volume by Foam volume by Extract shaking (ml) blender (ml) 1wt % saponins from Yucca extract 19 (±2) 197 (±5) 1 wt % saponins fromFenugreek 16 (±2) 170 (±5) extract 1 wt % saponins from Soy extract 18(±1) 185 (±5) 1 wt % saponins from tribulus 20 (±2) 170 (±5) extract 1wt % saponins from Quillaja 21 (±2)  232(±10) extract 1 wt % saponinsfrom Sapindus 63 (±2)  390 (±17) Mukorossi extract—prepared according toExample 1 1 wt % Decyl glycoside 57 (±5)  420 (±15)

As can been seen from Table 5, the best foaming capability was obtainedwhen using the Sapindus Mukorossi extract prepared according to Example1, even in compared to the synthetic surfactant decyl glucoside.

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 4 Formulation Containing Betaine, Gum Arabic and Sorbitol withSapindus mukorossi Extract. Effect on the Foaming, Body, Hand Smooth,Dryness and After Feel

Betaine—8 grams of betaine in a powder form and 20 grams of SapindusMukorossi extract (extracted by 50 wt % ethanol and 50 wt % water, 60°C., nuts/extraction solvent 1:4, for 6 hours) together with 2 ml ofNaHCO₃ 1M were separately dispersed in 100 ml distilled water and mixedat room temperature until two clear solutions were formed. Then, the twosolutions were mixed together at amounts of 10 wt % Sapindus extract and4 wt % betaine and stirred for two hours, at room temperature.

The following formulations were tested on 5 adults volunteers (men andwoman). The volunteers washed they hand with the formulation using afoam pump (WaterGuard line, Rexam, UK). After washing the volunteersgraded the following criteria.

The following properties of the personal care formulations have beentested:

The smoothness, “body” (reflects the consistency of the composition),dryness and “after feel” (reflects sensory feeling of fresh and cleanappearance, silky, and soft after-feeling) were assessed by 5 volunteersafter washing hands (or hair).

The evaluation criteria were as follows:

-   -   5: excellent smoothness, foam body, foam stability and excellent        after feel    -   4: good smoothness, body, foam stability and good after feel    -   3: some smoothness, body, foam stability and some after feel    -   2: poor smoothness, body, foam stability and poor after feel    -   1: no smoothness, body, foam stability and no after feel

The results are shown in Table 6.

Gum Arabic (1 wt %)—Two grams of gum Arabic in a powder form and 20grams of Sapindus mukorossi extract (extracted by 50% ethanol in water,powder/extraction solvent 1:4, 60° C., for 6 hours) together with 2 mlof NaHCO₃ 1M were separately dispersed in 100 ml distilled water andmixed at room temperature until two clear solutions were formed. Then,the two solutions were mixed together at amounts of 10 wt % Sapindusmukorossi extract and 1 wt % gum Arabic and stirred for two hours, atroom temperature.

The foaming and the shampoo properties were evaluated as previouslydescribed. Results are the results are shown in Table 6.

Gam Arabic (3 wt %)—6 grams of gum Arabic in a powder form and 20 gramsof Sapindus mukorossi extract (extracted by 50 wt % ethanol in water,60° C., the powder/extraction solvent ratio 1:4, for 6 hours) togetherwith 2 ml of NaHCO₃ 1M were separately dispersed in 100 ml distilledwater and mixed at room temperature until two clear solutions wereformed. Then, the two solutions were mixed together at amounts of 10 wt% Sapindus Mukorossi extract and 3 wt % gum Arabic and stirred for twohours, at room temperature.

The foaming and the shampoo properties were evaluated as previouslydescribed. Results are shown in Table 6.

Sorbitol—10 grams of sorbitol form and 20 grams Sapindus Mukorossiextract (extraction by 50% ethanol, nuts/extraction solvent 4:1, 60° C.,for 6 hours) were separately dispersed in 100 ml distilled water andmixed at room temperature until two clear solutions were formed. Then,the two solutions were mixed together at amounts of 10 wt % Sapindusmukorossi extract and 5 wt % sorbitol and stirred for two hours, at roomtemperature.

The foaming and the formulation properties were evaluated as describedbefore. Results are shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6 The foaming as a function of different ingredients at differentconcentrations Foam Foam height by height by shaking blender SmoothnessAfter (ml) (ml) Body on hands dryness feel Sapindus 40 (±4) 270 (±7) 2 22 2 10% Sapindus + 42 (±4) 290 (+2) 3 3 3 2.5 betaine 10/4 Sapindus + 35(±4) 268 (±2) 3 3.5 3 3 GA 10/1 Sapindus + 38 (±6) 270 (±2) GA 10/3Sapindus + 45 (±4) 270 (+5) 3 3 3 3 sorbitol 10/5

As shown in Table 6, the addition of betaine, gum Arabic (GA) andsorbitol did not cause significant deterioration in foam heights.However, it was found that, the “body” of the foam, the smooth-on-handfeeling, and the after feel were much better when betaine, GA orsorbitol were added, as compared to samples with only 10 wt % Sapindusmukorossi extract.

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 5 Formulations Containing Varying Amounts of Sapindus Extracts:Effect on Shampoo Performance

The effect of the Sapindus mukorossi extract concentration on theshampoo performance was tested as described in Example 4. The shampoowas prepared as set forth in Table 7.

TABLE 7 Shampoo composition with varying amounts of Sapindus MukorossiExtract Exp. 1 Exp. 2 Exp. 3 Concentration (% wt) (% wt) (% wt) Extractof Sapindus 10 15 20 Mukorossi (ex. 2, 6 h) Betaine 4 4 4 Sorbitol 5 5 5Gum Arabic 1 1 1 Konjac gum 0.375 0.375 0.375 Guar gum 0.375 0.375 0.375Whey protein 1 1 1 Water 58.25 63.25 68.25

The shampoo formulation of Table 7 was tested as described in Example 4.The results of foaming and after feel obtained for the shampoocompositions 1 to 3 of Table 7 are summarized in Table 8 below.

TABLE 8 Properties defined for Shampoo formulation of Table 6 Ease ofSmooth Foam rinsing After “Body” On hand stability easily feel 10% 2 2 24 2 Sapindus extract 1 3 4-5 4-5 4 3 2 3 4-5 4 4 3 3 3-4 4-5 4 4 3

The results demonstrate that there was some improvement in the feel ofthe composition when the concentration of the Sapindus mukorossi extractwas increased from 10 to 20% wt, but the foam “body” improved moresignificantly upon an increase in the Sapindus mukorossi concentration.

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 6 Shampoo Formulations Comprising Various Sapindus mukorossiExtracts

The effect of the Sapindus mukorossi extraction process as described inExample 1 on the shampoo performance was tested as a shampoo on babies'heads and evaluated as described at Example 4. The shampoo was preparedas set forth in Table 8, with different Sapindus mukorossi extractsaccording to Table 9.

TABLE 9 Various extractions employed in the preparation of shampooformulations tested Exp. 1 2 3 3 5 6 7 Water/ethanol wt ratio 70:3050:50 30:70 50:50 50:50 50:50 50:50 Extraction time (hr) 2 2 2 4 6 2 2Extraction Temp. (° C.) 60 60 60 60 60 40 60 Extraction pH 6.5 6.5 6.56.5 6.5 6.5 7

The average overall score by 5 volunteers using the shampoo compositionsare listed in Table 10.

TABLE 10 Properties defined for Shampoo formulations of Table 9 SmoothEase of On Foam rinsing After Ex.# “Body” hair stability easily feel 1 44 4 5 4 2 4 4.5 5 5 4 3 4 4.5 4.5 5 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 5 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 6 44.5 4.5 4 4 7 4 4 4.5 5 4

Therefore, the best performance of the shampoo is obtained from thesaponins extracts as described in the above table, Example 2, extractionby water/ethanol 50/50.

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 7 Shampoo Formulations Containing Various Saponin Types

The effect of the saponin material extracted from different plants wastested was tested as described in Example 4. The shampoo included thecomponents set forth in Table 11.

TABLE 11 Shampoo base formulation for use with various saponinsConcentration (wt %) Saponins extract 5 Betaine 4 Sorbitol 5 Gum Arabic2 xanthan gum 0.3 NaCl 1 Water 82.7

The shampoo composition detailed in Table 11 was prepared usingdifferent saponin extracts, as detailed in Table 12. The body, foaming,smoothness and after feel properties as a function of the type ofsaponin extract were evaluated by 5 volunteers, as described in Example4. The results are tabulated in Table 12.

TABLE 12 Shampoo properties as a function of the saponins source Plantsource of the Foam After saponins extract Body Smoothness stability feelYucca 2 3 3 3 Fenugreek 1 3 2 3 Tribulus 1 3 2 3 Quillaja 4 3 4 2 Soy 14 2 3 Sapindus mukorossi 4 4 4 3-4

While the use of all saponin materials afforded excellent shampoocompositions, as can be seen from Table 12, the best quality shampoo wasobtained by using the saponin extract according to the present invention(from Sapindus mukorossi).

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 8 Formulations Containing Polysaccharides and Humectants

The effect of polysaccharides and humectants on the formulations of theinvention was tested in the following shampoo formulations. In eachtest, one of the ingredients was replaced by water, as described inTable 13. The preparation of the shampoo was performed according toExample 5. The shampoo properties were evaluated as described before inExample 4.

TABLE 13 Formulations with polysaccharides and polyols 1 2 3 4 5 6Concentration (% wt) (% wt) (% wt) (% wt) (% wt) (% wt) Extract of 10 1010 10 10 10 Sapindus Mukorossi (example 2, 6 h) Betaine 0 4 4 4 4 4Sorbitol 5 5 0 5 5 5 Gum Arabic 1 0 1 1 1 1 Konjac gum 0.375 0.375 0.3750 0.375 0.375 Guar gum 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0 Whey protein 1 11 1 0 1 Water 82.25 79.25 83.25 78.6 79.25 78.6

The results of foaming and after feel are shown in Table 14.

TABLE 14 Properties defined for the shampoo formulations of Table 12Smooth Foam Rinsed After Experiment Body On hand stability easily feel 13 4 3 4 3 2 2-3 4 3-4 4 2-3 3 3 3-4 3-4 4 3 4 2-3 3-4 4 4 3-4 5 3 3 4 43 6 3-4 2 4 4 2

The results presented in Table 14 demonstrate that when guar gum or gumArabic were not included in the composition, the smoothness and theafter feel of the composition were inferior. When konjac gum was notincluded, the decrease in the smoothness was less significant, and whenbetaine, or sorbitol, or gum Arabic were not included in thecomposition, the foam stability was decreased.

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 9 Formulations Containing Gum Arabic at Varying Concentrations

The effect of gum Arabic concentration on performance was tested in theshampoo formulations of Example 5.

The shampoo was prepared with or without gum Arabic as shown in Table15.

TABLE 15 Composition with/without gum Arabic Without With Arabic gumArabic gum Concentration (% wt) (% wt) Extract of Sapindus 10 10Mukorossi (Example 2, 6 h) Betaine 4 4 Sorbitol 5 5 Gum Arabic 0 4Konjac gum 0.375 0.375 Guar gum 0.375 0.375 Whey protein 1 1 Water 58.2563.25

The results of the experiment, as set forth in Table 15, demonstratethat an increase in the gum Arabic concentration from 0 to 4% resultedin an improvement in the “body” and in the foam stability. However, forsome other formulations of the invention, gum Arabic was not necessary.

TABLE 16 properties defined for the formulations of Table 15 Smooth FoamAfter Exp. Body On hand stability feel Without Arabic gum 2-3 4 3-4 2-3With Arabic gum 4 4 4 3

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 10 Formulations Containing Various Betaine Concentrations

The effect of betaine concentration on performance was tested in thefollowing shampoo formulations. The results are shown in Table 17.

TABLE 17 Shampoo compositions with varied concentrations of betaineBetaine 2% 4% 8% Concentration wt wt wt Extract of Sapindus 10 10 10mukorossi % wt Betaine % wt 2 4 8 Sorbitol % wt 5 5 5 Gum Arabic % wt 11 1 Konjac gum % wt 0.375 0.375 0.375 Guar gum % wt 0.375 0.375 0.375Whey protein % wt 1 1 1 Water % wt 58.25 58.25 63.25

The performance of the shampoo compositions of Table 17 were evaluatedas described in Example 4 and the results are presented in Table 18.

TABLE 18 Shampoo properties Smooth Foam After Experiments Body on handstability feel No betaine 3 4 3 3 Betaine 4 3-4 3 3 (2% wt) Betaine 3-44 4 4 (4% wt) Betaine 4-5 4 4 3 (8% wt)

The results indicate that an increase in the betaine concentrationresulted in a slight improvement in the “body” and in the foam stabilityand after feel.

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 11 Formulations Comprising Konjac Gum TG

In order to assess the effect of the Konjac gum and TG was tested asdescribed in Example 4. In Experiment 1, the shampoo was prepared with0.375 wt % konjac mannan gel, in Experiment 2 the shampoo was preparedwith 0.375 wt % konjac mannan powder food and in Experiment 3, theshampoo was prepared with 0.375 wt % tragacanth gum (TG) instead ofkonjac gum (Table 19).

TABLE 19 Shampoo formulation comprising TG and Konjac gum Exp. 1 Exp. 2Exp. 3 Concentration (% wt) (% wt) (% wt) Extract of 20 20 20 Sapindusmukorossi Betaine 4 4 4 Sorbitol 5 5 5 Gum Arabic 1 1 1 Guar gum 0.3750.375 0.375 Konjac mannan gel 0.375 0 0 Konjac mannan 0 0.375 0 TG 0 00.375 Water 69.625 69.625 69.625

The results as set forth in Table 20 show that addition of konjac mannanfood and TG increased the shampoo quality, especially by increasing thesmoothness in the hand.

TABLE 20 Shampoo properties Smooth On Foam After Experiments Body handstability feel 1 4 4 4 4 2 4 5 4 4 3 4 4-5 4 4

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 12 Formulations Comprising NaCl

The effect of a salt such as NaCl on the shampoo performance was testedin the following shampoo formulations (Table 21).

TABLE 21 Shampoo composition Concentration (% wt) Extract of Sapindus 20Mukorossi (ex. 2, 6 h) Betaine 2 Sorbitol 2.5 Gum Arabic 2 Guar gum 0.5TG 0.2 Konjac mannan 0.2 powder food NaCl 1 Water 71.6

The results as set forth in Table 22 show that the addition of NaClprovided the shampoo with good body, smoothness, foam stability andafter feel.

TABLE 22 Shampoo properties Foam After Body Smoothness stability feelWithout NaCl 4 4-5 4 4 With NaCl 4-5 4-5 4 4

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 13 Formulations Comprising Phospholipids

The effect of phospholipids (PHOSPHOLIPON 50, Lipoid, Germany) on theperformance was tested in the following shampoo formulation (Table 23).

TABLE 23 Shampoo composition Concentration (% wt) Extract of 20 SapindusMukorossi Betaine 2 Sorbitol 2.5 Gum Arabic 2 Guar gum 0.5 TG 0.2 Konjacmannan 0.2 NaCl 1 Phospholipids 1 Water 70.6

The results as set forth in Table 24 show that addition of phospholipidsprovided shampoo with good foam stability and after feel, and improvedwetting of hair.

TABLE 24 Shampoo properties Smooth Smooth On Foam After Body On hairhand stability feel Without 4 3 3-4 4 4 Phospholipids With 3-4 4 3-4 4-54 Phospholipids

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract.

Example 14 Formulations Comprising Oils such as Jojoba Oil

The effect of jojoba oil on performance was tested in the followingshampoo formulation (Table 25). The preparation of the shampoo is aspreviously described.

TABLE 25 Shampoo composition Concentration (% wt) Extract of SapindusMukorossi 20 Betaine 2 Sorbitol 2.5 Gum Arabic 2 Guar gum 0.5 TG 0.2Konjac mannan powder food 0.2 NaCl 1 Jojoba oil 0.3 Water 70.6

The results as set forth in Table 26 show that addition of Jojoba oilprovided a shampoo with good smoothness and after feel. It should benoted that although it is known that oils interfere with foaming,surprisingly the jojoba oil did not cause a significant deterioration inthe foam properties, while providing an improvement in the after feeland smooth feeling during application.

TABLE 26 Shampoo properties Smooth Foam After Body On hand stabilityfeel Without oil 4 3-4 4 4 With oil 3-4 4-5 3-4 4-5

Example 15 Shampoos with Rhamnolipids

The following shampoo formulations were prepared and tested on 5 babies'heads as a used in commercial shampoo.

TABLE 27 Shampoo composition Concentration (% wt) Composition Exp. 1Exp. 2 Exp. 3 Exp. 4 an aqueous-ethanolic 15 15 20 20 extract ofSapindus Mukorossi an aqueous-ethanolic 5 5 0 0 extract of Camelliaoleifera Betaine 4 4 4 4 Sorbitol 5 5 5 5 Gum Arabic 2 1 1 1 Konjacmannan 0.2 0 0.2 0.30 Guar gum 0.375 0 0.375 0 TG 0.2 0 0.2 0 Xanthangum 0 0.3 0 0 Alga gel 0 0.3 0 0.3 NaCl 1 1 1 1 Rhamnolipids 1 2 2 1Phospholipids 1 0 0 2 Jojoba oil 0.1 0 0 0.5 Preservative 1 1 1 1Perfume 1 1 1 1 Water 63.12 64.4 64.22 62.9

The addition Rhamnolipids, a biosurfactant, dramatically improved thewetting on hair. Further, hair and hands washed with the above fourcompositions of cleaning formulations showed excellent cleaning, foamingand good shine and it was easy to comb the hair after shampooing.

Example 16 Haemolysis Test

Haemolysis test (which serves as a model for eye irritation) wasconducted in order to determine the safety of the products of theinvention in comparison to the commercial surfactant SLES (sodium laurylether sulfate).

Preparation of the erythrocyte suspension: erythrocytes of sheep bloodwere separated by centrifugation at 1250g, for 15 minutes at roomtemperature, washed three times with phosphate-buffered saline solution(PBS, pH 7.4), and centrifuged twice under the same condition. The bloodvolume was completed with PBS. This suspension was maintained at 4° C.for up to three days.

The assay procedure: 20 μl of each sample were diluted up to 2 ml of thesuspension, and were incubated with for 30 minutes in ice. Theincubation was terminated by a rapid, high-speed (1800 g) centrifugationfor 30 minutes. The extent of haemolysis was determined inspectrophotometrically at 540 nm against a blank (PBS). The extent ofhaemolysis, expressed as a percentage, was calculated as the absorbanceof an erythrocyte suspension incubated with each product, relative tothat of a completely haemolysed control (100%, at distilled water) at540 nm. The Hm50 (50% haemolysis) was determined fromconcentration—response curves.

TABLE 28 Hm₅₀ of Sapindus extract and SLES HM₅₀ SLES 0.001 gram/100 mlSapindus Mukorossi extract    1 gram/100 ml

As can be seen from Table 28, the Sapindus Mukorossi extract (extractedby 50 wt % ethanol and 50 wt % water, 60° C., for 6 hours, as describedin Example 1), demonstrated a higher potential (X1000) as a non-irritantnatural surfactant, causing less damage to the cells in comparison toSLES which was and still is used in many commercial cleansingformulations.

Example 17 Synergistic Effect in Challenge Test

The tests were conducted by adding to a sterile solution an inoculum ofa suitable microorganisms as described below and storing the solution at37° C. for the bacteria or 30° C. for the yeast. Saponin extracted bywater/ethanol mixture (50:50) was added at various concentrations asdetailed below to a natural preservative cocktail (containing WasabiaJaponica, Populus tremuloides and Lonicera Japonica at a ratio of1/1/1). Using serial dilutions and plate counts, aliquots were takenduring the incubation period for determination of microorganism count.

Media and reagents used: phosphate buffer 100 mM pH=5.5 (sterile), TSYE(30 gl/l tryptic soy broth+5 gr/l yeast extract) was added to solidmedia 2% agar, PDB (24 g/l potato dextrose broth +0.2 g/lchloramphenicol) was added for solid media 2% agar and diluent which issterile solution of 0.9% sodium chloride and 0.1% peptone was used whereindicated.

The tested organisms were Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Escherichiacoli EDL933, Staphylococcus aureus MRSA strain Newman D2 ATCC 25904 andSaccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 11777. The three bacteria were grownovernight on TSYE in an incubator shaker at 37° C. Yeast cells weregrown overnight on PDB in an incubator shaker at 30° C. The media fromthe overnight cultures was washed twice with the diluent bycentrifugation and each one of the organisms was transfer to 5 ml of thephosphate buffer containing different preservatives combinations toyield 105/ml. The test tubes were incubated either at 37° C. for thebacteria or 30° C. for the yeast. Aliquots were taken during theincubation period for determination of microorganism counts. The numbersin Table 28 below are the means of two separate experiments. Eachtreatment was repeated three times.

TABLE 29 Total count of different microorganisms as a function of thecocktail preservatives and Sapindus extract concentrationsPreservatives/Sapindus extract wt %. Microorganisms 0/0 0.2/0 0.2/20.2/10 0.2/20 0/20 0.01/20 0.05/20 0.1/20 E. coli 10⁵ 5 × 10² <10 <10 <10    10⁵    10⁵  <10  <10 Salmonella 10⁵ 5 × 10⁴ 2 × 10³ <10  <10   10⁶    10⁶    10³  <10 Staphylococcus 10⁵ 10⁴   10⁴   10⁴ <200 <200<200 <200 <200 Saccharomyces 10⁵ 10⁵   10³ 200   200    10³    10³   200  200

As can be seen from Table 29, the preservative cocktail alone or theSapindus Mukorossi extract alone, did not reduce the totalmicroorganisms count below 1000. Only the combination of thepreservative cocktail with the Sapindus Mukorossi extract caused thetotal microorganisms count to drop below 10. These surprising resultsindicate a synergistic effect between the saponin material, e.g.,Sapindus Mukorossi extract and the preservative cocktail.

Further experiments were conducted under the same conditions with anextract of saponin together with each of Wasabia Japonica, Populustremuloides and Lonicera Japonica extracts. Other experiments wereconducted with an extract of saponin together with Wasabia Japonica andPopulus tremuloides. Further experiments were conducted with saponinextract together with Populus tremuloides and Lonicera Japonicaextracts. Yet additional experiments were conducted with saponin extracttogether with Wasabia Japonica and Lonicera Japonica extracts.

Example 18 Liquid Shampoo

The following shampoo formulations were prepared and tested on hairtresses in the laboratory. The procedure tested was determined accordingto “Standard guide for descriptive analysis of shampoo performance”(ASTM international, designation: E2082-06). The compositions of theshampoos were determined by “design of experiment”.

Application and Foam Characteristics

Test Procedure: Tress was placed in glass warm water (40 to 50° C.) andwetted. After then, the water was drained. 1 ml (1 g) of product wasapplied onto the wet hair tress, and hair was being shampooing. The easeof spreading, speed of foam, amount of foam, cushion of foam, bubblesize, and wetness of foam were evaluated.

Testing Parameters Scale:

Ease of spreading, ease of distributing the product evenly over thesurface of the hair prior to generating the foam, from noteasy/difficult—0 to easy—10

Speed to foam, measure of the time or degree of manipulation required togenerate foam, seconds

Amount of foam, assessment of the volume of foam after each of severalpoints from none—0 to high—10

Cushion of foam, measure of the force to compress the foam between ethumb and forefinger from none—0 to high—10

Wetness of foam, amount of moisture perceived in the foam mass fromdry—0 to wet—10

Bubble size, visual size of the majority of bubbles small—1 and large—0)

Ease of ng, time to rinse product out of tress, second

Wet Hair Characteristics

Test Procedure: After washing, the hair tress was combed from the top ofthe hair tress down to the end of the tress. The ease of detangling andforce to comb were evaluated.

The wet feel/slipperiness and residue were evaluated by holding wet hairtress loosely in a closed fist, and rubbing hair between thumb and indexfinger in a downward motion.

Testing Parameters Scale:

Ease of detangling, ease of removing the tangles from the hair tressfrom not easy/difficult—0 to easy—10

Force to comb, force applied to the comb to move it through the hairtress. Apply and measure only the minimum and necessary force, fromhigh—0 to none—10

Wet feel/Slipperiness, presence or absence of resistance when moving thefingers down the hair between the thumb and forefinger from drag—0 toslip—10

Residue (greasy/oily/waxy), total amount of all residues left on hair(tactile sensation). The individual types of residues may be identifiedand quantified, from none—0 to high—10

Dry Hair Characteristics

Test Procedure: The tress was dried by hanging in a hood dryer or usinga hand-held blow dryer. The same drying procedure should be used by eachevaluator. Evaluate for ease of detangling and force to comb were doneby Combing the hair tress from the top and moving down. The dryfeel/slipperiness, residue and pliability were evaluated by holding thedry tress loosely in a closed fist, and rubbed hair between thumb andindex finger in a downward motion. Continue to comb in a vigorous mannerin order to evaluate the electrostatic of the hair.

Testing Parameters Scale:

Ease of detangling, ease of removing the tangles from the hair tressfrom not easy/difficult—0 to easy—10

Force to comb, force applied to the comb to move it through the hairtress. Apply and measure only the minimum and necessary force, fromhigh—0 to none—10)

However, the hair is evaluated in sections (for example, middle section,ends).

Dry feel/slipperiness, presence or absence of resistance when moving thefingers down the hair between the thumb and forefinger from drag—0 toslip—10

Residue, total amount of all residues left on hair (tactile sensation).The individual types of residues may be identified and quantified, fromnone—0 to high—10

Pliability, measure of the force required to bend the hair, not stiff orrigid from low—10 to high—0

Static, degree that the individual hair shafts repel each other fromnone—10 to high—0

The Effect of Polysaccharides and Humectants

The effect of polysaccharides and humectants (sorbitol) and saponinswere tested in the following shampoo formulations. The preparation ofthe shampoo was performed according to Example 4.

TABLE 30 Shampoo compositions with saponins, polysaccharides andhumectants Concentration (wt %) INCI name Natural source #1 #2 #3Sapindus mukorossi Sapindus extract 6.00 2.50 2.50 fruit extractCamellia oleifera Camellia extract/tea — 5.00 — seed extract extractSaponaria officinalis Saponaria extract — — 2.00 root extractRamnolipids P. aeruginosa extract — 1.00 — Sorbitol Fruit extract 14.0014.00 — Xanthan gum Xanthomonas 0.10 0.10 0.10 fermentation Konjac gumKonjac extract 0.10 0.10 0.10 Lecithin Soy extract 3.00 3.00 3.00Natural fragrance Plants extract 0.30 0.30 0.30 Aspen bark extract Aspenbark extract 0.70 0.70 0.70 Water 55.80 60.30 85.80

Testing Results:

The testing results of the three shampoo compositions nos. 1 to 3 (asdetailed in Table 30) are presented in Table 31, below.

TABLE 31 Properties of Shampoo compositions nos. 1 to 3 according toTable 30 Shampoo Composition Property #1 #2 #3 Ease of spreading 4 8 3Speed of Foam 6 1 10 Amount of Foam 6 8 2 Cushion of Foam 4 9 0 Wetnessof foam 4 5 0 Bubble size 1 1 1 Ease of rinsing 2 2 2The testing results demonstrate that saponins, polysaccharides,humectant can serve as a good shampoo with high amount of foam,satisfied cushion and wetness of foam, with small bubbles size (#1 and2). When sorbitol is not included in the composition, the amount,cushion, and the wetness of foam are inferior. Additions of tea extractincreases the amount of the foam significantly.

Example 20 The Effect of Different Oils on the Shampoo Performance

The effect of different oils on performance was tested in the followingshampoo formulations (Table 32). The preparation of the shampoo is aspreviously described

TABLE 32 Compositions of liquid shampoo with saponins, polysaccharides,humectant and different oils (oily moisturization) Concentration (wt %)INCI name Natural source #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 Sapindus Sapindus 9.00 9.009.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 mukorossi extract fruit extract Camellia Camellia5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 oleifera extract seed extract GlycerinVegetable 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 glycerin Xanthan gamXanthomonas 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 fermentation Betaine Sugarbeet 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 extract Lecithin Soy extract 3.003.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Aspen bark Aspen bark 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.700.70 extract extract Natural Plants extract 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.300.30 Fragrance Almond oil Almond plant — 2.00 — — — — Jojoba oil Jojobaplant — — 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Squalene Olive oil extract — — — 1.00 —1.00 Lanolin Extract from — — 2.00 2.00 — — wool water 75.90 73.90 71.9062.90 65.90 72.90

Testing results: the testing results of the six shampoo compositionsnos. 1 to 6 (as detailed in Table 32) are presented in Table 33 bellow.

TABLE 33 Shampoo properties of the shampoo compositions nos. 1 to 6 asdetailed in Table 30 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 Ease of spreading 8 7 6 8 8 8Speed to foam, sec 5 3 0 10 2 3 Amount of foam 7 9 0 4 9 9 Cushion offoam 5 8 0 0 8 8 Wetness of foam 4 8 0 0 7 7 Bubble size 1 1 0 0 1 1Ease of rinsing, sec 2 2 0 2 2 2

The results as set forth in Table 33 show that addition of lanolinreduced significantly the foaming of the formula (#3 and 4) compared toformula #1. However, addition of almond oil (#2), and even more,addition of jojoba oil (#5) or combination of jojoba oil/squalene (#6)increased the amount of foam, the cushion and the wetness compared toformula without oil (#1).

Example 21 The Effect of Humectants (Betaine, Sorbitol, Glycerol, Honey)on the Shampoo Performance

TABLE 34 Compositions of liquid shampoo with saponins, polysaccharides,oil and different humectants Concentration (wt %) Natural INCI namesource #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 Sapindus Sapindus 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.09.0 mukorossi extract fruit extract Camellia Camellia 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.05.0 5.0 5.0 oleifera extract seed extract Carrageenan Seaweeds 0.5 0.50.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 extract Veegum Natural 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0clay Colloidal Oatmeal 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 oatmeal extractLecithin Soy 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 extract Aspen bark Aspen 0.70.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 extract bark extract Natural Plants 0.3 0.3 0.30.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 fragrance extract Jojoba oil Jojoba 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.01.0 1.0 extract Squalene Olive oil 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 extractBetaine Sugar beet — 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 extract Glycerin Vegetable— 1.5 0.5 0.5 2.5 0.5 2.5 glycerin Sorbitol Fruit — — 0.7 1.4 1.4 — —extract Honey Honey — 0.5 — — — 1.0 0.5 extract Water 72.5 72.5 73.573.5 71.5 73.5 71.5

The effect of humectants on performance was tested in the followingshampoo formulations (Table 34). The preparation of the shampoo is aspreviously described.

Testing results: the testing results of the seven shampoo compositionsnos. 1 to 7 (as detailed in Table 34) are presented in Table 35 below.

TABLE 35 Properties of the shampoo compositions as detailed in Table 32Application and Foam Characteristics #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 Ease ofspreading 7 8 8 8 8 8 7 Speed to foam, sec 5 4 5 10 10 6 10 Amount offoam 7 9 9 8 7 8 6 Cushion of foam 5 5 7 8 5 8 5 Wetness of foam 5 6 7 65 7 5 Bubble size 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ease of rinsing, sec 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 WetHair Characteristics Ease of detangling 8 8 7 7 7 6 5 Force to comb 8 88 8 7 7 5 Wet feel/Slipperiness 9 9 9 8 9 9 8 Residue (greasy/oily/waxy)9 9 9 9 9 9 7 Dry Hair Characteristics Ease of detangling 8 8 8 8 9 6 7Force to comb 9 9 9 9 9 7 8 Dry feel/Slipperiness 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Residue(greasy/oily/waxy) 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Pliability 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Static 7 7 7 78 8 7

The testing results as set forth in Table 35 show, that addition of mostof the humectants types and concentrations were increased the amount ofthe foam and the ease of spreading (expect #7) compared to formula #1.The best cushion and wetness of foam were obtained when the humectantsglycerol/sorbitol were at weight ratio of 0.5/0.7 (#3), 0.5/1.4 (#4) andglycerin/honey 0.1/1 (#6). On Wet Hair, most of the humectants decreasedslightly the ease of detangling. No significant changes were observed ondry Hair.

Example 22 The Effect of Moisturization (Non-Oily) Materials and Clays

The effect of moisturization materials on performance was tested in thefollowing shampoo formulations (Table 36). The preparation of theshampoo is as previously described.

TABLE 36 Compositions of liquid shampoo with saponins, polysaccharides,humectant, oils and moisturization materials Concentration (wt %) INCIname Natural source #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 Sapindus Sapindus extract 9.009.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 mukorossi fruit extract Camellia Camelliaextract 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 oleifera seed extract GlycerinVegetable glycerin 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 Sorbitol Fruit extract0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 Betaine Sugar beet extract 2.00 2.00 2.002.00 2.00 2.00 Carrageenan Seaweeds extract 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500.50 Aspen bark Aspen bark extract 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 extractNatural Plants extract 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 fragrance Jojobaoil Jojoba extract 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Squalene Olive oilextract 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Lechitin Soy extract — — — — — —Aloe Aloe — — — — — 2.0 Barbadensis Barbadensis Leaf Juice Leaf JuiceUrea — 2.00 — — — — Colloidal Oat meal extract — — 0.5 — — 0.5 oatmealVeegum Natural clay — — — 1.00 — 0.6 Bentonite Natural clay — — — — 1.00— water 78.1 76.1 77.6 77.1 77.1 77.8

Testing results: the testing results of the six shampoo compositionsnos. 1 to 6 (as detailed in Table 36) are presented in Table 37 bellow.

TABLE 37 Shampoo properties Application and Foam Characteristics #1 #2#3 #4 #5 #6 Ease of spreading 7 8 8 8 8 9 Speed to foam, sec 5 4 4 4 5 3Amount of foam 7 9 9 9 9 9 Cushion of foam 5 9 9 7 9 9 Wetness of foam 49 7 7 9 8 Bubble size 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ease of rinsing, 2 2 2 2 2 2 sec WetHair Characteristics Ease of detangling 8 8 4 5 8 8 Force to comb 8 8 56 8 8 Wet 8 9 8 7 9 9 feel/Slipperiness Residue 9 9 9 9 9 9(greasy/oily/waxy) Dry Hair Characteristics Ease of detangling 9 9 8 8 99 Force to comb 9 9 9 8 9 9 Dry 9 9 9 8 9 9 feel/Slipperiness Residue 99 9 9 9 9 (greasy/oily/waxy) Pliability 9 9 9 9 9 9 Static 8 9 7 6 7 7

The results as set forth in Table 37 show that addition ofmoisturization materials increases the amount of the foam, cushion andwetness (#2 and 3) compared to formula #1. Decreased in wet haircharacteristics were observed in shampoo that contains colloidaloatmeal. Addition of clays attributed to amount of foam the cushion andwetness (#4 and 5). Addition of Aloe vera gel, Colloidal oatmeal, Veegumand Lecithin improved significantly the shampoo performance compared toformula without them (#1).

Example 23 Liquid Shampoos The following shampoo formulations wereprepared and tested on 5 babies.

TABLE 38 Shampoo compositions INCI name Natural source #1 #2 #3 #4Sapindas makorossi Sapindus 9.00 10.00 9.00 6.0 fruit extract extractCamellia oleifera Camellia 5.00 — 5.00 1.5 seed extract extractSaponaria officinalis Saponaria — 10.0 — — root extract extractRhamnolipids P. aeruginosa — — — 4.0 extract Honey Honey extract 0.50 —0.50 — Sorbitol Fruit extract — 1.7 — 10.0 Glycerol Vegetable — 0.7 — —glycerin Lactic acid Milk acid 1.00 — 1.00 — Betaine Sugar beet 2.002.00 2.00 — extract Taurocholate Bile salt — — 0.60 — Aloe Aloe 2.00 —2.00 — Barbadensis Barbadensis Leaf Juice Leaf Juice CarrageenanSeaweeds 0.50 0.3 0.50 0.25 extract Xanthan gum Xanthomonas 0.00 0.20.00 0.20 fermentation Veegum Natural Clay 0.60 3 0.60 2.50 Lecithin Soyextract 3.00 3 3.00 3.00 Colloidal oatmeal Oatmeal extract 0.50 0.5 0.50— Natural fragrance Plants extract 0.30 0.3 0.30 0.30 Aspen bark Aspenbark 0.70 0.7 0.70 0.70 extract extract Jojoba oil Jojoba plant 1.001.00 1.00 — Squalene Olive oil 1.00 1.00 1.00 — extract water 73.9 6673.3 71.50

Babies' hair washed with all of the above shampoos, showed excellentcleaning performance, foaming, good shine and it was easy to comb dryhair after shampooing.

Example 24 Facial Cleansing

The following facial cleansing formulations in according to theinvention were prepared as detailed in Table 39. These formulationsshowed excellent facial cleansing performance, with pleasant after feel.

TABLE 39 Facial cleansing toner for oily skin and dry skin and Facialmilk formulation according to the invention Toner Facial oily skin dryskin Cleansing Concentration (wt %) Sapindus extract 3.00 2.00 2.00Ethanol 3.50 — — Sorbitol — 10.00 8.50 Carrageenan 0.20 0.20 0.30Xanthan Gum — — 0.30 Veegum — — 1.50 Betaine 3.00 3.00 — Aspen barkextract 0.70 0.70 0.70 Natural Fragrance 0.30 0.30 0.30 Jojoba oil — —10.00 Water 89.30 83.80 76.90

Example 25 Facial Cream

The following face cream formulations in according to the invention wereprepared as detailed in Table 40.

TABLE 40 Face cream formulations according to the inventionConcentration (wt %) #1 #2 Sapindus extract 2.50 2.50 Xanthan Gum 0.200.35 Carrageenan 0.20 0.35 Veegum 2.00 0.00 Aspen bark extract 0.70 0.70Sorbitol 5.00 5.00 Shea Butter 10.00 10.00 Jojoba oil 10.00 10.00 Almondoil 10.00 14.00 Lecithin 1.50 1.50 Candelilla wax — 3.00 Beeswax 1.501.50 Rice Starch 1.00 1.00 Water 55.40 50.10

Example 26 Formulation Containing Low Concentration of Saponins

0.3 grams of xanthan gum was dispersed in 87.3/ml water and mixed at70-80° C. until clear solutions were formed. Then, 0.6 grams of SapindusMukorossi extract in a powder form, 0.6 grams of saponaria officinalisextract in a powder, 1 gram Sodium DL-Lactate, on one formulation 0.2gram of Arabic Gum was added and 10 gram of glycerol added and stirredfor two hours.

The following formulations were tested on adults volunteers. Thevolunteers washed they hand with the formulation using a foam pump(WaterGuard line, Rexam, UK). After washing the volunteers graded thefollowing criteria.

TABLE 41 Shampoo composition #1 #2 Concentration (% wt) (% wt) ofxanthan gum 0.3 0.3 Sapindus Mukorossi extract 0.6 0.6 saponariaofficinalis extract 0.6 0.6 Gum Arabic 0.2 0 Sodium DL-Lactate 60% 1 1Glycerol 10 10 Water 87.3 87.5

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract, natural benzoic acid and citric acid.

The following properties of the personal care formulations have beentested:

The smoothness, “body” (reflects the consistency of the composition),dryness and “after feel” (reflects sensory feeling of fresh and cleanappearance, silky, and soft after-feeling) were assessed by 5 volunteersafter washing hands (or hair).

The evaluation criteria were as follows:

-   -   5: excellent smoothness, foam body, foam stability and excellent        after feel    -   4: good smoothness, body, foam stability and good after feel    -   3: some smoothness, body, foam stability and some after feel    -   2: poor smoothness, body, foam stability and poor after feel    -   1: no smoothness, body, foam stability and no after feel

The results are shown in Table 42.

The foaming and the formulation properties were evaluated as describedbefore. Results are shown in Table 42.

TABLE 42 The foaming as a function of different ingredients at differentconcentrations Smooth Foam After Body On hand stability feel #1 4 3-4 44 #2 3-4 4-5 3-4 4-5

As shown in Table 42, the composition of saponins (saponaria andsapindus extract did not cause significant change in foam. However, itwas found that the smooth-on-hand feeling was better when gum Arabic wasadded,

Example 27 Liquid Shampoo

The following shampoo formulations were prepared and tested on hairtresses in the laboratory. The procedure tested was determined accordingto “Standard guide for descriptive analysis of shampoo performance”(ASTM international, designation: E2082-06). The compositions of theshampoos were determined by “design of experiment”.

Application and Foam Characteristics

Test Procedure: Tress was placed in glass warm water (40 to 50° C.) andwetted. After then, the water was drained. 1 ml (1 g) of product wasapplied onto the wet hair tress, and hair was being shampooing. The easeof spreading, speed of foam, amount of foam, cushion of foam, bubblesize, and wetness of foam were evaluated.

Testing Parameters Scale:

Ease of spreading, ease of distributing the product evenly over thesurface of the hair prior to generating the foam, from noteasy/difficult—0 to easy—10

Speed to foam, measure of the time or degree of manipulation required togenerate foam, seconds

Amount of foam, assessment of the volume of foam after each of severalpoints from none—0 to high—10

Cushion of foam, measure of the force to compress the foam between thethumb and forefinger from none—0 to high—10

Wetness of foam, amount of moisture perceived in the foam mass fromdry—0 to wet—10

Bubble size, visual size of the majority of bubbles small—1 and large—0)

Ease of rinsing, time to rinse product out of tress, second

Wet Hair Characteristics

Test Procedure: After washing, the hair tress was combed from the top ofthe hair tress down to the end of the tress. The ease of detangling andforce to comb were evaluated.

The wet feel/slipperiness and residue were evaluated by holding wet hairtress loosely in a closed fist, and rubbing hair between thumb and indexfinger in a downward motion.

Testing Parameters Scale:

Ease of detangling, ease of removing the tangles from the hair tressfrom not easy/difficult—0 to easy—10

Force to comb, force applied to the comb to move it through the hairtress. Apply and measure only the minimum and necessary force, fromhigh—0 to none—10

Wet feel/Slipperiness, presence or absence of resistance when moving thefingers down the hair between the thumb and forefinger from drag—0 toslip—10

Residue (greasy/oily/waxy), total amount of all residues left on hair(tactile sensation). The individual types of residues may be identifiedand quantified, from none—0 to high—10

Dry Hair Characteristics

Test Procedure: The tress was dried by hanging in a hood dryer or usinga hand-held blow dryer. The same drying procedure should be used by eachevaluator. Evaluate for ease of detangling and force to comb were doneby Combing the hair tress from the top and moving down. The dryfeel/slipperiness, residue and pliability were evaluated by holding thedry tress loosely in a closed fist, and rubbed hair between thumb andindex finger in a downward motion. Continue to comb in a vigorous mannerin order to evaluate the electrostatic of the hair.

Testing Parameters Scale:

Ease of detangling, ease of removing the tangles from e hair tress fromnot easy/difficult—0 to easy—10

Force to comb, force applied to the comb to move it through the hairtress. Apply and measure only the minimum and necessary force, fromhigh—0 to none—10)

However, the hair is evaluated in sections (for example, middle section,ends).

Dry feel/slipperiness, presence or absence of resistance when moving thefingers down the hair between the thumb and forefinger from drag—0 toslip—10

Residue, total amount of all residues left on hair (tactile sensation).The individual types of residues may be identified and quantified, fromnone—0 to high—10

Pliability, measure of the force required to bend the hair, stiff orrigid from low—10 to high—0

Static, degree that the individual hair shafts repel each other fromnone—10 to high—0

The effect of Low Concentration of Saponins

The effect low concentration of saponins was tested in the followingshampoo formulations. The preparation of the shampoo was performedaccording to Example 4.

TABLE 43 Shampoo compositions % w/w A Water, DI 82.95 Sodium DL-Lactate5.00 Glycerol 85% 3.00 Aloe Vera Gel Decol. 10× 1.00 B Carrageenan 0.60Xanthan Gum 0.50 Mannitol 0.50 Hyaluronic acid 0.05 C Egg Yolk Oil 0.50Lecithin 0.30 Jojoba oil 1.00 Squalene 1.00 Tocobiol C 0.10 D Sapindusmukorossi fruit extract 1.50 Quillaja saponaria extract 0.80 Aspen barkextract 0.70 Sodium Gluconate 0.50

The testing results of the shampoo compositions is presented in Table44, bellow.

TABLE 4 Properties of Shampoo compositions Application and FoamCharacteristics Ease of spreading 9 Speed to foam, sec 6 Amount of foam9 Cushion of foam 5 Wetness of foam 9 Bubble size 1 Ease of rinsing, sec2 Wet Hair Characteristics Ease of detangling 9 Force to comb 9 Wetfeel/Slipperiness 9 Residue (greasy/oily/waxy) 9 Dry HairCharacteristics Ease of detangling 10 Force to comb 10 Dryfeel/Slipperiness 10 Residue (greasy/oily/waxy) 10 Pliability 10 Static9

The testing results demonstrate that saponins, polysaccharides,humectant can serve as a good shampoo with high amount of foam,satisfied cushion and wetness of foam, with small bubbles size.

Example 28 Lotion

The following face cream formulations in according to the invention wereprepared as detailed in Table 5.

TABLE 45 INCI/STFA names % w/w A Water, Sterile 77.10 Glycerol 3.00 BCarrageenan 0.75 Xanthan Gum 0.75 C Soapnut Saponin dry pwd. 0.70#683/929 D Almond oil 7.30 Meadowfoam 3.70 Jojoba oil # 3.50 RicinusCommunis (Castor) Seed 2.00 Oil (and) Olea Europaea (Olive) OilUnsaponifiables Tocobiol C 0.10 Aloe Vera Con UP × 200 0.20

The formulation of the present example has also been prepared with Aspenbark extract, natural benzoic acid and citric acid.

1. A personal-care foaming composition, comprising: a naturally-obtainedsaponin material present in an amount ranging from 0.2 to 5 wt % of thetotal weight of the composition; at least one naturally-obtainedthickening agent selected from the group consisting of Xanthan gum,Carrageenan gum, Konjac gum, Veegum, bentoine, gum Arabic, Guar gum, andstarch; at least one naturally-obtained humectant selected from thegroup consisting of betaine, natural urea, lactic acid, colloidal oatmeal, glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, honey, Aloe vera, shea butter, andhyaluronic acid; optionally an effective amount of at least onenaturally-obtained preservative being a Populus extract, a Loniceraextract, Wasabia extract, and Salix extract; and at least onenaturally-obtained additive selected from the group consisting oflecithin, egg-yolk oil, tocopherol (vitamin E), a phospholipid, almondoil, jojoba oil, squalene, lanoline, taurocholate, candelilla wax, beeswax, and any combination thereof.
 2. The composition according to claim1, wherein the saponin-material is provided in the form of an extract.3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the saponin material isextracted from a plant selected from the group consisting of shikakai,soy beans, beans, peas (Pisum sativum), lucerne, tea, spinach, sugarbeet, quinoa, liquorice, sunflower, horse chestnut, ginseng, oats,capsicum peppers, aubergine, tomato seed, alliums, asparagus, yam,fenugreek, yucca and ginseng, mung beans, Bupleurum falcatum, Camelliaoleifera, Camellia sinensis, Desmodium adscendens, Gypsophila, Panaxquinqufolius, Panax japonicas, Quillaja saponaria, Sapindus delavayi,Sapindus mukorossi, Sapindus marginatus, Sapindus saponaria, Sapindustrifoliatus, Saponaria officinalis, Styrax japonica, and Yuccaschidigera or any mixture thereof.
 4. The composition according to claim1, wherein the saponin material is an extract of Camellia sinensis,Camellia oleifera, Saponaria officinalis, or Sapindus mukorossi or amixture thereof.
 5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein thesaponin material is an extract of Camellia oleifera or Sapindusmukorossi or a mixture thereof.
 6. The composition according to claim 1,wherein the saponin material is an extract of Sapindus mukorossi.
 7. Thecomposition according to claim 1, comprising at least one naturalsurfactant or bio-surfactant.
 8. The composition according to claim 1,wherein the at least one natural surfactant is a phospholipid.
 9. Thecomposition according to claim 1, further comprising at least onenaturally-obtained moisturizer.
 10. The composition according to claim1, further comprising at least one natural additive selected from thegroup consisting of anti-irritation plant extracts and amongstanti-oxidation plant extracts.
 11. The composition according to claim 1,wherein the naturally-obtained preservative material comprises aLonicera extract as an extract of Lonicera japonica, a Populus extractas an extract of Populus tremuloides, a Wasabia extract as an extract ofWasabia japonica and a Salix extract as an extract of Salix alba. 12.The composition according to claim 1, the composition being selectedfrom the group consisting of a shampoo, a conditioning shampoo, a hairconditioner, a moisturizing cream, a deodorant, soap, a liquid soap, abody wash, a moisturizing body wash, a shower gel, a skin cleanser, acleansing milk, hair care cream or soap, intimate wash, a makeupremover, hair and body wash, in shower body moisturizer, a pet shampoo,a shaving preparation, a shaving foam, a toothpaste, and a mouthwash.